📅  最后修改于: 2023-12-03 15:21:56.132000             🧑  作者: Mango
从前 $X$ 个自然数生成一个序列,在将 2 提高到最低设置位的幂时,这些自然数相加等于 $S$。请编写程序,对于给定的 $X$ 和 $S$,生成这样的序列,若无解则输出错误信息。
题目中要求将2提高到最低设置位的幂,我们考虑从1开始,每次将1左移一位,并递增序列中的数字,直到当前序列中数字的和等于给定的 $S$。
如果当前的和 $S$ 小于要求的和,则不断递增当前的数字,直到达到要求的和或者当前数字不能再递增为止。
如果当前的和 $S$ 大于要求的和,我们则需要减小当前的数字,直到达到要求的和或者当前数字不能再减小为止。
我们需要注意的点是,若无解则输出错误信息。
def find_sequence(x, s):
nums = []
cur_sum = 0
cur_num = 1
while len(nums) < x:
nums.append(cur_num)
cur_sum += cur_num
cur_num <<= 1
diff = cur_sum - s
if diff == 0:
return nums
elif diff < 0:
while diff != 0:
cur_num += 1
cur_sum += cur_num
nums.append(cur_num)
diff = cur_sum - s
if diff > 0:
return "Error: no solution!"
else:
while diff != 0:
if cur_num - diff > 0:
cur_num -= diff
cur_sum -= diff
nums[-1] = cur_num
return nums
else:
diff -= cur_num
cur_sum -= cur_num
nums.pop()
cur_num >>= 1
if len(nums) == 0:
return "Error: no solution!"
本题考察了对 Python 的基本语法和移位操作的运用。处理无解情况时需要考虑多种边界情况,保证代码的鲁棒性。