📜  数据结构|堆叠问题6

📅  最后修改于: 2021-06-28 23:27:19             🧑  作者: Mango

以下具有单个数字操作数的后缀表达式是使用堆栈求值的:

8 2 3 ^ / 2 3 * + 5 1 * - 

请注意,^是幂运算符。评估第一个*之后的堆栈的前两个元素是:
(A) 6、1
(B) 5、7
(C) 3、2
(D) 1、5答案: (A)
说明:用于评估任何后缀表达式的算法非常简单:

1. While there are input tokens left
    o Read the next token from input.
    o If the token is a value
       + Push it onto the stack.
    o Otherwise, the token is an operator 
      (operator here includes both operators, and functions).
       * It is known a priori that the operator takes n arguments.
       * If there are fewer than n values on the stack
        (Error) The user has not input sufficient values in the expression.
       * Else, Pop the top n values from the stack.
       * Evaluate the operator, with the values as arguments.
       * Push the returned results, if any, back onto the stack.
2. If there is only one value in the stack
    o That value is the result of the calculation.
3. If there are more values in the stack
    o (Error)  The user input has too many values.

算法来源:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_Polish_notation#The_postfix_algorithm

让我们针对给定的表达式运行上述算法。
前三个标记是值,因此只需将其推入即可。推入8、2和3之后,堆栈如下

8, 2, 3

读取^时,将弹出前两个,并计算power(2 ^ 3)

8, 8

读取/时,弹出前两个并执行除法(8/8)

1

接下来的两个标记是值,因此只需将其推入即可。推入2和3之后,堆栈如下

1, 2, 3

*出现时,前两个弹出并执行乘法。

1, 6

这个问题的测验