1. 水银：
Mercurial 是一款面向软件开发人员的分布式版本控制工具，它支持 Microsoft 窗口。 Mercurial 由 Matt Mackall 于 2005 年 4 月 19 日开发。它是分布式修订工具的交叉平台，主要使用Python、C、Rust 编写，主要是一个命令行程序。所有的 mercurial 操作都调用了 b 参数驱动程序 Hg。 Mercurial 支持各种操作系统，如 MS Window、UNIX-LIX 系统，如 free BSD、MAC OSX 和 LINUX。
2. 吉特：
Git 是一个分布式系统，可以跟踪源代码的变化。它由 Linus Torvalds 于 2005 年 4 月 7 日开发。它支持各种操作系统，如 Window Linux Macos Solaris。它主要是用 C、Perl、 Python、Language 编写的。 Git 是一个免费的开源系统，不需要集中式连接。它是强大且廉价的分支，易于合并。每个开发人员都有自己的存储库和一个本地副本，他们可以在其中更改历史记录。它支持具有大量代码文件的非线性开发分支和应用程序。
下面是一些 .git 目录结构
- HEAD/：当前分支。
- 配置/：用于配置。
- 描述/：项目描述。
- 日志/：保持记录。
- Refs/：持有本地分支。
Mercurial 和 Git 的区别：
| MERCURIAL | GIT |
|---|---|
| Mercurial is a distributed revision control tool for software developer and it support Microsoft window. | Git is distributed system which track the change in source code in which each developer has his repository. |
| Mercurial was developed by Matt Mackall on 19 April 2005. | It is developed by Linus Torvalds on 7 April 2005. |
| Mercurial written on python, C, Rust language. | Git written on C, Perl, Python, Language. |
| Mercurial support MS Window, UNIX-LIX system, such as free BSD, MAC OSX, and LINUX operating system. | Git support Window, Linux Macos, Solaris operating system. |
| Mercurial support HTTP, Custom over SSH, Email Bundles (with standard plugin) Network Protocols. | Git support Custom over SSH, Rsync, HTTP Network protocols. |
| It does not allow to change the version history in which its by default. | Git allow to developer to change the version history. |
| Mercurial provides branching but it not better as Git. | Git provide strong branching than Mercurial. |
| Mercurial is simple as compared to Git. | Git is more complex due to commands. |
| Mercurial does not support Staging. | Git support Staging. |
| Features of Mercurial : A sane command line interface. Safer history with mercurial. GUI support. Windows support. Backwards compatibility. Easy to extend. Commercial support. Hosting tools and services. |
Features of Git : Distributed System. Branching. Compatibility. Non-linear Development. Lightweight. Open source. |