先决条件 – 人力资源管理 (HRM)
1. 国际人力资源管理(IHRM)：
国际人力资源管理 (IHRM) 涉及三个国家类别的员工管理，即母国/母国、东道国和第三国。可以简单地说，IHRM 是在国际层面完成的。因此，员工被安置在国界之外工作。它涉及几个外部因素，例如外国的政府法规。处理来自不同国家的不同人员，因为他们在国界之外工作，这涉及更大的复杂性。
2. 国内人力资源管理(DHRM)：
国内人力资源管理(DHRM)只涉及一个或一个国家的员工管理。可以简单地说，DHRM 是在国家层面完成的。因此，工作人员在国界内安置和工作。它处理的外部因素很少且有限，因此与 IHRM 相比，由于外部因素的影响较小，因此复杂性较低。由于员工属于同一个国家，并且所有员工都在国界内工作，因此处理起来相对容易。
IHRM 和 DHRM 的区别：
| S.No. | IHRM | DHRM |
|---|---|---|
| 01. | IHRM stands for International Human Resource Management. | DHRM stands for Domestic Human Resource Management. |
| 02. | International HRM is involved with the management of employees in the three nation categories i.e. home country, host country and third country. | Domestic HRM is involved with the management of employees in only one or single country. |
| 03. | Simply it can be said as IHRM is done at international level. | Simply it can be said as DHRM is done at national level. |
| 04. | In IHRM staffs are placed and work outside national boundaries. | In DHRM staffs are placed and work within the national boundaries. |
| 05. | It addresses a broad range of HRM activities. | It address a narrow range of HRM activities. |
| 06. | In this there is a high involvement of HR manager in the personal life of employees. | In this there is less involvement of HR manager in the personal life of employees. |
| 07. | In this there is high exposure to risks in international assignments. | In this there is limited risks in domestic assignment. |
| 08. | IHRM deals with several external factors such as government regulations of foreign country. | DHRM deals with few and limited external factors so it is less complicated as compared to IHRM due to less influence from external factors. |