使用二分搜索的Python猜数游戏

在猜数游戏中，用户在定义的范围内选择一个数字，然后程序猜出这个数字。如果猜测的数字是错误的，则用户告诉程序实际数字是否大于猜测的数字。同样，程序再次猜测数字，直到猜不出实际数字为止。
方法：想法是使用二分搜索，其中在每一步中搜索空间的一半减少。下面是该方法的说明：

• 初始化猜数的开始和结束范围。
• 猜测数字作为搜索空间的中间。那是
  $Number = \frac{startRange + endRange}{2}$
• 如果猜测的数字是正确的，则终止程序。
• 否则，询问用户猜测的数字是否小于猜测的数字。如果是，则相应地减少搜索空间。

下面是上述方法的实现：

Python

# Python implementation for the
# number guessing using
# Binary Search
 
# Global Arguments for playing game
args = ["N", "N", "Y"]
index = -1
 
# Temporary function for taking
# input from the local arguments list
def input():
    global index, args;
    index += 1
    return args[index]
 
# Function to guess the number in
# a defined range of the number
def guessNumber(startRange, endRange):
    if startRange > endRange:
        return True
     
    # Middle of the range
    mid = (startRange + endRange)//2
     
    # Asking user about the
    # actual number
    print("Is the number is ",
        mid, "?", end = " ")
    user = input()
    print(user)
     
    # Condition to check if the
    # guessed number is actual number
    if user == "Y" or user == "y":
        print("Voila ! Successfully Guessed Number.")
        return False
         
    # Condition to check if the
    # guessed number is not correct
    elif user == "N" or user == "n":
        print("Actual number is greater than",\
                        mid, "?", end = " ")
        user = input()
        print(user)
        if user == "Y" or user == "y":
            return guessNumber(mid+1, endRange)
        elif user == "N" or user == "n":
            return guessNumber(startRange, mid-1)
        else:
            print("Invalid Input. Print 'Y'/'N'")
            return guessNumber(startRange, endRange)
     
    # Condition to check if the user
    # input was invalid
    else:
        print("Invalid Input. Print 'Y'/'N' ")
        return guessNumber(startRange, endRange)
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("Number Guessing game in python")
    startRange = 1
    endRange = 10
    print("Guess a number in range (1 to 10)")
     
    out = guessNumber(startRange, endRange)
     
    if out:
        print("Bad Choices")

输入：

N
N
Y

输出：

Number Guessing game in python
Guess a number in range (1 to 10)
Is the number is  5 ? N
Actual number is greater than 5 ? N
Is the number is  2 ? Y
Voila ! Successfully Guessed Number.

如果您希望与专家一起参加现场课程，请参阅DSA 现场工作专业课程和学生竞争性编程现场课程。