1. 联想记忆：
如果可以通过数据的内容来识别存储在内存中的对象，而不是通过访问，则可以显着减少查找存储在内存中的对象所需的时间。由材料访问的存储单元称为关联存储器或内容可寻址存储器 (CAM)。这种类型的内存是基于数据内容而不是特定地址或位置同时并行访问的。如果将一个字写入关联存储器，则不会给出地址。内存能够找到空的未使用空间来存储单词或指定单词的一部分。 memory 检测与指定内容匹配的所有单词并标记它们以供阅读。
2. 缓存内存：
如果程序和数据的活动部分可以保存在快速内存中，则总执行时间可以显着减少。这种内存被称为缓存内存，它插入在 CPU 和主内存之间。为了使这种安排有效。缓存需要比主存快得多。这种方法比使用快速存储设备来实现整个主存储器更经济。
关联内存和缓存内存的区别：
| S.No. | Associative Memory | Cache Memory |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | A memory unit access by content is called associative memory. | A fast and small memory is called cache memory. |
| 2 | It reduces the time required to find the item stored in memory. | It reduces the average memory access time. |
| 3 | Here data accessed by its content. | Here, data are accessed by its address. |
| 4 | It is used where search time is very short. | It is used when particular group of data is accessed repeatedly. |
| 5 | Its basic characteristic is its logic circuit for matching its content. | Its basic characteristic is its fast access. |