在 Golang 结构中作为字段的函数

Golang 中的结构体或结构体是用户定义的类型，它允许我们将一组不同类型的元素创建为一个单元。任何具有某些属性或字段集的现实世界实体都可以表示为一个结构体。我们知道，在 Go 语言中，函数也是用户定义的类型，因此允许在 Go 结构中创建函数字段。您还可以使用匿名函数在 Go 结构中创建函数字段，如示例 2 所示。

句法：

type function_name func()
type strcut_name struct{
  var_name  function_name
}

让我们在示例的帮助下讨论这个概念：

示例 1：

// Go program to illustrate the function
// as a field in Go structure
package main
  
import "fmt"
  
// Finalsalary of function type
type Finalsalary func(int, int) int
  
// Creating structure
type Author struct {
    name      string
    language  string
    Marticles int
    Pay       int
  
    // Function as a field
    salary Finalsalary
}
  
// Main method
func main() {
  
    // Initializing the fields
    // of the structure
    result := Author{
        name:      "Sonia",
        language:  "Java",
        Marticles: 120,
        Pay:       500,
        salary: func(Ma int, pay int) int {
            return Ma * pay
        },
    }
  
    // Display values
    fmt.Println("Author's Name: ", result.name)
    fmt.Println("Language: ", result.language)
    fmt.Println("Total number of articles published in May: ", result.Marticles)
    fmt.Println("Per article pay: ", result.Pay)
    fmt.Println("Total salary: ", result.salary(result.Marticles, result.Pay))
}

输出：

Author's Name:  Sonia
Language:  Java
Total number of articles published in May:  120
Per article pay:  500
Total salary:  60000

示例 2：

// Go program to illustrate the function
// as a field in Go structure
// Using anonymous function
package main
  
import "fmt"
  
// Creating structure
type Author struct {
    name      string
    language  string
    Tarticles int
    Particles int
    Pending   func(int, int) int
}
  
// Main method
func main() {
  
    // Initializing the fields
    // of the structure
    result := Author{
        name:      "Sonia",
        language:  "Java",
        Tarticles: 340,
        Particles: 259,
        Pending: func(Ta int, Pa int) int {
            return Ta - Pa
        },
    }
  
    // Display values
    fmt.Println("Author's Name: ", result.name)
    fmt.Println("Language: ", result.language)
    fmt.Println("Total number of articles: ", result.Tarticles)
      
    fmt.Println("Total number of published articles: ",
                                      result.Particles)
      
    fmt.Println("Pending articles: ", result.Pending(result.Tarticles,
                                                   result.Particles))
}

输出：

Author's Name:  Sonia
Language:  Java
Total number of articles:  340
Total number of published articles:  259
Pending articles:  81