满足直线方程的有序点对数

给定一个由 n 个整数组成的数组，直线的斜率，即 m 和直线的截距，即 c，计算其中 i ≠ j 的点的有序对 (i, j) 的数量，使得点 (A _i , A _j ) 满足以给定斜率和截距形成的线。
注：直线方程为 y = mx + c，其中 m 为直线斜率，c 为截距。
例子 ：

Input : m = 1, c = 1, arr[] = [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 2 ] 
Output : 5 ordered points 
Explanation : The equation of the line with given slope and intercept is : y = x + 1. The Number of pairs (i, j), for which (arr_i, arr_j) satisfies the above equation of the line are : (1, 2), (1, 5), (2, 3), (3, 4), (5, 3).
Input : m = 2, c = 1, arr[] = [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 5 ] 
Output : 3 ordered points

方法一（蛮力）：
生成所有可能的对 (i, j) 并检查特定的有序对 (i, j) 是否满足 (arr _i , arr _j ) 满足 y = mx + c 行的给定方程，并且 i ≠ j。如果点有效（如果满足上述条件，则点有效），增加存储有效点总数的计数器。

C++

// CPP code to count the number of ordered
// pairs satisfying Line Equation
#include 
 
using namespace std;
 
/* Checks if (i, j) is valid, a point (i, j)
   is valid if point (arr[i], arr[j])
   satisfies the equation y = mx + c And
   i is not equal to j*/
bool isValid(int arr[], int i, int j,
             int m, int c)
{
 
    // check if i equals to j
    if (i == j)
        return false;
     
     
    // Equation LHS = y, and RHS = mx + c
    int lhs = arr[j];   
    int rhs = m * arr[i] + c;
 
    return (lhs == rhs);
}
 
/* Returns the number of ordered pairs
   (i, j) for which point (arr[i], arr[j])
   satisfies the equation of the line
   y = mx + c */
int findOrderedPoints(int arr[], int n,
                      int m, int c)
{
 
    int counter = 0;
 
    // for every possible (i, j) check
    // if (a[i], a[j]) satisfies the
    // equation y = mx + c
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
        {
            // (firstIndex, secondIndex)
            // is same as (i, j)
            int firstIndex = i, secondIndex = j;
 
            // check if (firstIndex,
            // secondIndex) is a valid point
            if (isValid(arr, firstIndex, secondIndex, m, c))
                counter++;
        }
    }
    return counter;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    int arr[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 2 };
    int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
 
    // equation of line is y = mx + c
    int m = 1, c = 1;
    cout << findOrderedPoints(arr, n, m, c);
    return 0;
}

Java

// Java code to find number of ordered
// points satisfying line equation
import java.io.*;
 
public class GFG {
     
    // Checks if (i, j) is valid,
    // a point (i, j) is valid if
    // point (arr[i], arr[j])
    // satisfies the equation
    // y = mx + c And
    // i is not equal to j
    static boolean isValid(int []arr, int i,
                        int j, int m, int c)
    {
     
        // check if i equals to j
        if (i == j)
            return false;
         
         
        // Equation LHS = y,
        // and RHS = mx + c
        int lhs = arr[j];
        int rhs = m * arr[i] + c;
     
        return (lhs == rhs);
    }
     
    /* Returns the number of ordered pairs
    (i, j) for which point (arr[i], arr[j])
    satisfies the equation of the line
    y = mx + c */
    static int findOrderedPoints(int []arr,
                       int n, int m, int c)
    {
     
        int counter = 0;
     
        // for every possible (i, j) check
        // if (a[i], a[j]) satisfies the
        // equation y = mx + c
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
            {
                 
                // (firstIndex, secondIndex)
                // is same as (i, j)
                int firstIndex = i,
                   secondIndex = j;
     
                // check if (firstIndex,
                // secondIndex) is a
                // valid point
                if (isValid(arr, firstIndex,
                         secondIndex, m, c))
                    counter++;
            }
        }
        return counter;
    }
     
    // Driver Code
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        int []arr = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 2 };
        int n = arr.length;
     
        // equation of line is y = mx + c
        int m = 1, c = 1;
        System.out.print(
           findOrderedPoints(arr, n, m, c));
    }
}
 
// This code is contributed by
// Manish Shaw (manishshaw1)

Python3

# Python code to count the number of ordered
# pairs satisfying Line Equation
 
# Checks if (i, j) is valid, a point (i, j)
# is valid if point (arr[i], arr[j])
# satisfies the equation y = mx + c And
# i is not equal to j
def isValid(arr, i, j, m, c) :
 
    # check if i equals to j
    if (i == j) :
        return False
     
     
    # Equation LHS = y, and RHS = mx + c
    lhs = arr[j];
    rhs = m * arr[i] + c
 
    return (lhs == rhs)
 
# Returns the number of ordered pairs
# (i, j) for which point (arr[i], arr[j])
# satisfies the equation of the line
# y = mx + c */
def findOrderedPoints(arr, n, m, c) :
 
    counter = 0
 
    # for every possible (i, j) check
    # if (a[i], a[j]) satisfies the
    # equation y = mx + c
    for i in range(0, n) :
        for j in range(0, n) :
            # (firstIndex, secondIndex)
            # is same as (i, j)
            firstIndex = i
            secondIndex = j
 
            # check if (firstIndex,
            # secondIndex) is a valid point
            if (isValid(arr, firstIndex,
                      secondIndex, m, c)) :
                counter = counter + 1
 
    return counter
 
# Driver Code
arr = [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 2 ]
n = len(arr)
 
# equation of line is y = mx + c
m = 1
c = 1
print (findOrderedPoints(arr, n, m, c))
 
# This code is contributed by Manish Shaw
# (manishshaw1)

C#

// C# code to find number of ordered
// points satisfying line equation
using System;
class GFG {
     
    // Checks if (i, j) is valid,
    // a point (i, j) is valid if
    // point (arr[i], arr[j])
    // satisfies the equation
    // y = mx + c And
    // i is not equal to j
    static bool isValid(int []arr, int i,
                     int j, int m, int c)
    {
     
        // check if i equals to j
        if (i == j)
            return false;
         
         
        // Equation LHS = y,
        // and RHS = mx + c
        int lhs = arr[j];
        int rhs = m * arr[i] + c;
     
        return (lhs == rhs);
    }
     
    /* Returns the number of ordered pairs
      (i, j) for which point (arr[i], arr[j])
      satisfies the equation of the line
       y = mx + c */
    static int findOrderedPoints(int []arr, int n,
                                     int m, int c)
    {
     
        int counter = 0;
     
        // for every possible (i, j) check
        // if (a[i], a[j]) satisfies the
        // equation y = mx + c
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
            {
                 
                // (firstIndex, secondIndex)
                // is same as (i, j)
                int firstIndex = i, secondIndex = j;
     
                // check if (firstIndex,
                // secondIndex) is a valid point
                if (isValid(arr, firstIndex, secondIndex, m, c))
                    counter++;
            }
        }
        return counter;
    }
     
    // Driver Code
    public static void Main()
    {
        int []arr = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 2 };
        int n = arr.Length;
     
        // equation of line is y = mx + c
        int m = 1, c = 1;
        Console.Write(findOrderedPoints(arr, n, m, c));
    }
}
 
// This code is contributed by
// Manish Shaw (manishshaw1)

Javascript

      // JavaScript code to find number of ordered
      // points satisfying line equation
      // Checks if (i, j) is valid,
      // a point (i, j) is valid if
      // point (arr[i], arr[j])
      // satisfies the equation
      // y = mx + c And
      // i is not equal to j
      function isValid(arr, i, j, m, c)
      {
       
        // check if i equals to j
        if (i == j) return false;
 
        // Equation LHS = y,
        // and RHS = mx + c
        var lhs = arr[j];
        var rhs = m * arr[i] + c;
 
        return lhs == rhs;
      }
 
      /* Returns the number of ordered pairs
    (i, j) for which point (arr[i], arr[j])
    satisfies the equation of the line
    y = mx + c */
      function findOrderedPoints(arr, n, m, c) {
        var counter = 0;
 
        // for every possible (i, j) check
        // if (a[i], a[j]) satisfies the
        // equation y = mx + c
        for (var i = 0; i < n; i++)
        {
          for (var j = 0; j < n; j++)
          {
           
            // (firstIndex, secondIndex)
            // is same as (i, j)
            var firstIndex = i,
              secondIndex = j;
 
            // check if (firstIndex,
            // secondIndex) is a valid point
            if (isValid(arr, firstIndex, secondIndex, m, c)) counter++;
          }
        }
        return counter;
      }
 
      // Driver Code
      var arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 2];
      var n = arr.length;
 
      // equation of line is y = mx + c
      var m = 1,
        c = 1;
      document.write(findOrderedPoints(arr, n, m, c));
       
      // This code is contributed by rdtank.
    

输出 ：

5

时间复杂度： O(n ² )
方法二（高效）：
给定一个点的 ax 坐标，对于每个 x 都有一个唯一的 y 值，而 y 的值就是 m * x + c。因此，对于数组 arr 的每个可能的 x 坐标，计算满足直线方程的 y 的唯一值在该数组中出现的次数。在地图中存储数组 arr 的所有整数的计数。现在，对于每个值 arr _i ，将 m * arr _i + c 的出现次数添加到答案中。对于给定的 i，m * a[i] + c 在数组中出现 x 次，然后，将 x 添加到我们的计数器以获得总有效点数，但需要检查是否 a[i] = m * a[i] + c 那么，很明显，因为这在数组中出现了 x 次，那么一次出现在第 i^个索引处，其余 (x – 1) 次出现是有效的 y 坐标，因此将 (x – 1) 添加到我们的点计数器中。

CPP

// CPP code to find number of ordered
// points satisfying line equation
#include 
using namespace std;
 
/* Returns the number of ordered pairs
   (i, j) for which point (arr[i], arr[j])
   satisfies the equation of the line
   y = mx + c */
int findOrderedPoints(int arr[], int n,
                      int m, int c)
{
    int counter = 0;
 
    // map stores the frequency
    // of arr[i] for all i
    unordered_map frequency;
 
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
        frequency[arr[i]]++;
 
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        int xCoordinate = arr[i];
        int yCoordinate = (m * arr[i] + c);
 
        // if for a[i](xCoordinate),
        // a yCoordinate exists in the map
        // add the frequency of yCoordinate
        // to the counter
 
        if (frequency.find(yCoordinate) !=
            frequency.end())
            counter += frequency[yCoordinate];
 
        // check if xCoordinate = yCoordinate,
        // if this is true then since we only
        // want (i, j) such that i != j, decrement
        // the counter by one to avoid points
        // of type (arr[i], arr[i])
        if (xCoordinate == yCoordinate)
            counter--;
    }
    return counter;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    int arr[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 2 };
    int n = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);
    int m = 1, c = 1;
    cout << findOrderedPoints(arr, n, m, c);
    return 0;
}

输出：

5

时间复杂度： O(n)

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