在此处阅读相同到达时间的最短作业优先调度算法。
最短作业优先(SJF)或紧随其后的最短作业是一种调度策略,它选择执行时间最短的等待进程来执行。
在本文中,我们将使用优先级队列实现最短作业优先调度算法(SJF),以便我们可以在不同的到达时间处理进程。
例子:
Input: The processes are
Process id Arrival time Burst time
p1 4 3
p2 0 8
p3 5 4
p4 9 2
Output: Process scheduling according to SJF is
Process id Arrival time Burst time
p2 0 8
p1 4 3
p4 9 2
p3 5 4
Input: The processes are
Process id Arrival time Burst time
p1 0 3
p2 0 8
p3 5 4
p4 9 2
Output: Process scheduling according to SJF is
Process id Arrival time Burst time
p1 0 3
p2 0 8
p4 9 2
p3 5 4
在此程序中,任务是根据SJF调度算法对进程进行调度,该算法指出,具有最短突发时间的进程将被赋予优先级,这可以通过按升序对进程的突发时间进行排序来简单地实现。当我们必须在不同的到达时间处理进程时,就会出现问题,然后我们根本无法根据突发时间对进程进行排序,因为我们需要考虑进程的到达时间,以使处理器不会保持空闲状态。
例子:
如果突发时间较多的进程在突发时间较少的进程之前到达,则我们必须让处理器有时间到达最先到达的进程,以使处理器不会保持空闲状态。
方法:
在SJF调度的情况下,要处理具有不同到达时间的流程:
- 首先,根据到达时间对过程进行排序。
- 维持一个等待队列,以使进程的最短突发时间保持在顶部。
- 保持当前运行时间,即已执行进程的突发时间之和。
- 如果新进程的到达时间少于一个,则该进程根据其到达时间进入等待队列
等于当前运行时间,它被推送到等待队列中。 - 要执行的过程将从等待队列中弹出。它的突发时间被添加到当前运行时间,它的到达时间被更新为-1,这样它就不会再次进入等待队列。
- 如果新进程的到达时间少于一个,则该进程根据其到达时间进入等待队列
下面是上述方法的实现:
// C++ implementation of SJF
#include
using namespace std;
// number of process
#define SIZE 4
// Structure to store the
// process information
typedef struct proinfo {
string pname; // process name
int atime; // arrival time
int btime; // burst time
} proinfo;
// This structure maintains the
// wait queue, using burst
// time to compare.
typedef struct cmpBtime {
int operator()(const proinfo& a,
const proinfo& b)
{
return a.btime > b.btime;
}
} cmpBtime;
// This function schedules the
// process according to the SJF
// scheduling algorithm.
void sjfNonpremetive(proinfo* arr)
{
// Used to sort the processes
// according to arrival time
int index = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE - 1; i++) {
index = i;
for (int j = i + 1; j < SIZE; j++) {
if (arr[j].atime
< arr[index].atime) {
index = j;
}
}
swap(arr[i], arr[index]);
}
// ctime stores the current run time
int ctime = arr[0].atime;
// priority queue, wait, is used
// to store all the processes that
// arrive <= ctime (current run time)
// this is a minimum priority queue
// that arranges values according to
// the burst time of the processes.
priority_queue,
cmpBtime>
wait;
int temp = arr[0].atime;
// The first process is
// pushed in the wait queue.
wait.push(arr[0]);
arr[0].atime = -1;
cout << "Process id"
<< "\t";
cout << "Arrival time"
<< "\t";
cout << "Burst time"
<< "\t";
cout << endl;
while (!wait.empty()) {
cout << "\t";
cout << wait.top().pname << "\t\t";
cout << wait.top().atime << "\t\t";
cout << wait.top().btime << "\t\t";
cout << endl;
// ctime is increased with
// the burst time of the
// currently executed process.
ctime += wait.top().btime;
// The executed process is
// removed from the wait queue.
wait.pop();
for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
if (arr[i].atime <= ctime
&& arr[i].atime != -1) {
wait.push(arr[i]);
// When the process once
// enters the wait queue
// its arrival time is
// assigned to -1 so that
// it doesn't enter again
// int the wait queue.
arr[i].atime = -1;
}
}
}
}
// Driver Code
int main()
{
// an array of process info structures.
proinfo arr[SIZE];
arr[0] = { "p1", 4, 3 };
arr[1] = { "p2", 0, 8 };
arr[2] = { "p3", 5, 4 };
arr[3] = { "p4", 9, 2 };
cout << "Process scheduling ";
cout << "according to SJF is: \n"
<< endl;
sjfNonpremetive(arr);
}
输出:
Process scheduling according to SJF is:
Process id Arrival time Burst time
p2 0 8
p1 4 3
p4 9 2
p3 5 4