民主的主要特征是什么？

民主是一种由公民选择统治者的政府形式。所有民主国家最基本的特征之一是公民选择他们的政府。学生可以利用民主来区分民主政府和非民主政府。

例如，缅甸有一个非民主政府，不是由人民选举产生的。没有人质疑国家指挥官统治国家的选择。像智利的皮诺切特这样的独裁者不是由人民选举产生的，君主也不例外。沙特君主统治是因为他们是皇室成员，而不是因为他们是由人民选举或选出的。

民主的重要性

出于以下原因，民主至关重要：-

1. 以协商和辩论为基础的决策质量令人印象深刻。一个民主的选择涉及很多人、讨论和聚会。如果一群人齐心协力，他们可以指出任何决定中的潜在错误。当大多数判断是通过讨论做出时，做出轻率或鲁莽结论的可能性就会降低。人们有抗议的自由，如果政府的决定不符合他们的意见，他们甚至可以强迫政府改变。
2. 提供处理分歧和冲突的机制——通过允许居民发表意见，确保所有公民都享有一定的基本权利。在民主国家，所有公民都有权选择和更换他们的代表，如果他们的偏好没有得到满足。在议会中，所有议员都有发表意见的权利。它保证公民有信仰任何他们想要的宗教的自由。
3. 在纠正错误方面比其他形式的政府更好——不能保证民主不会犯错误。这是任何类型的政府都无法保证的。在民主国家，错误不能被长期掩埋。有一个地方可以公开讨论和纠正这些错误。要么统治者必须修改他们的决定，要么必须更换统治者。这在非民主政府下是不可能发生的。
4. 增强公民的尊严——它建立在政治平等的概念之上。无论富裕或贫穷，受过教育或无知，所有公民都享有相同的地位。如果个人不是国王的臣民，他们就是统治者。君主必须根据人民的意愿和需要进行统治或行动。如果人民不喜欢君主，他们可以通过选举来改变他。

民主的特点

1. This rule doesn’t follow by Pakistan. A military coup led by General Pervez Musharraf in Pakistan in October 1999. For becoming the president of the country, he overthrew the democratically elected government. It also held a referendum in the country that granted him a five-year extension in 2002.  After passing of this ‘Legal Framework Order’ elections, it may be held to the national and provincial assemblies and elected representatives that granted some powers. But he rested with military officers in final power that’s why we cannot conclude it in a democratic country. It also happens in many dictatorships and monarchies. Thus, we can conclude that the final decision-making power must rest with the people who elect in a democracy.
2. Elections are held in china for electing the country’s parliament after every five years, called Quanguo Renmin Daibiao Dahui (National People’s Congress). The approval of the Chinese Communist Party must be needed for a candidate before contesting elections. The Communist Party formed the government.   After every six years, elections are held in Mexico to elect its President because of independence in 1930. But every election was won by a party called PRI (Institutional Revolutionary Party) until 2000.  Reading these examples means people cannot elect their rulers. Thus, it must be based on a free and fair election where that currently has a fair chance of losing power.
3. The fundamental principle of political equality is based on this feature. Denial of the equal right to vote have many instances.  Women did not have the right to vote in Saudi Arabia until 2015. People belonging to the Russian minority found it difficult to get the right to vote because Estonia has made its citizenship rules. In Fiji, the vote of an indigenous Fiji has more value than that of an Indian-Fijian is termed as the electoral system. Definitely not a democratic government. Thus, it means each adult citizen must have one vote and each vote must have one value in a democracy.
4. In 1980, Zimbabwe attained independence from White minority rule, and from then the country has been ruled by the party that led the freedom struggle, ZANU-PF. Since independence, the country ruled by its leader Robert Mugabe. ZANU-PF won the elections if it was held regularly. Because of its popularity, President Mugabe always used unfair practices in elections. There was a law to criticize the President that has right limits. The government controls television and radio by giving the ruling party’s version.  The government harassed those journalists who went against it but not for an independent newspaper. Not a democratic government. Thus, the constitutional law and citizens’ rights set democratic government rules must be within limits.

示例问题

问题1：解释“中国的选举不代表人民的判断”的说法。

回答：

This statement implies that-

1. Elections are regularly held in China for electing the country’s parliament after every five years which is termed as Quanguo Renmin Daibiao Dahui (National People’s Congress).
2. To appoint the President of the country, the National People’s Congress has the power.
3. China elects nearly 3000 members and some members are elected by the army.
4. Before running for office, a candidate must gain the permission of the Chinese Communist Party.
5. Elections were held in 2002-03, and members of the Chinese Communist Party or eight minor parties were allowed to run.
6. The Communist Party is in charge of the government.

问题2：用三个例子来解释这个陈述“津巴布韦表明，在民主国家中，民众的认可是必要的，但还不够”。

回答：

Three examples are-

1. Since independence, the country ruled by Robert Mugabe. ZANU-PF won the elections if it was held regularly. Because of its popularity, President Mugabe always used unfair practices in elections.
2. They disrupt meetings and harassed the Opposition party workers. Against the government, Public protests and demonstrations are declared illegal.
3. The government controls television and radio by giving the ruling party’s version. The government harassed those journalists who went against it but not for an independent newspaper.

问题 3：请说明为什么沙特阿拉伯、爱沙尼亚和斐济不能被称为民主国家？

回答：

Each adult citizen must have one vote and each vote must have one value in a democracy but Saudi Arabia and Estonia do not follow this principle. Women did not have the right to vote in Saudi Arabia but people belonging to the Russian minority had difficulty getting the right to vote in Estonia. In Fiji, the vote of an indigenous Fiji has more value than that of an Indian-Fijian is termed as the electoral system.

问题4：解释民主政府适用于选举后运行方式的三个条件。

回答：

The three conditions are-

1. To express their views, form associations, and protest, people should have freedom.
2. The Constitutional law governs the country and in the eye of the law, everyone should be equal.
3. An independent judiciary respects and protects the people’s rights and orders that are obeyed by everyone.

问题五：巴基斯坦总统穆沙拉夫将军是如何上台的？

回答：

In October 1999, a military coup led by General Pervez Musharraf in Pakistan. He overthrew the democratically elected government and declared himself the Chief Executive of the country.

General Pervez Musharraf changes his designation from the Chief Executive to the President of the Country. It also held a referendum in the country that granted him a five-year extension in 2002 and a referendum based on malpractices and fraud.