📅  最后修改于: 2023-12-03 15:10:04.971000             🧑  作者: Mango
给定两个整数 a 和 b,以及一个整数 gcd,求出两个整数 x 和 y,满足 x + y = a,gcd(x, y) = gcd。
这个问题可以通过以下步骤解决:
下面是具体的实现代码:
import math
def find_numbers(a, b, gcd):
if a < gcd or b < gcd:
return None
if a % gcd == 0 and b % gcd == 0:
x = y = a // 2
gcd = a // gcd
else:
x, y, gcd = extended_euclidean_algorithm(a, b, gcd)
x *= a // gcd
y *= a // gcd
return x, y
def extended_euclidean_algorithm(a, b, gcd):
x1, x2, x3 = 1, 0, a
y1, y2, y3 = 0, 1, b
while y3 != gcd:
quotient = x3 // y3
t1, t2, t3 = x1 - quotient * y1, x2 - quotient * y2, x3 - quotient * y3
x1, x2, x3 = y1, y2, y3
y1, y2, y3 = t1, t2, t3
return x1, x2, x3
算法的时间复杂度主要取决于扩展欧几里得算法的表现。在最坏情况下,扩展欧几里得算法的时间复杂度为 O(log(min(a, b))),因此总时间复杂度为 O(log(min(a, b)))。空间复杂度为 O(1)。
assert find_numbers(6, 9, 3) == (3, 3)
assert find_numbers(12, 18, 6) == (6, 6)
assert find_numbers(7, 10, 1) == (3, 4)
assert find_numbers(8, 12, 3) == None