📅  最后修改于: 2023-12-03 15:12:08.948000             🧑  作者: Mango
以下证明过程中,所有角度均为弧度制。
首先,根据正切和余切的定义可得:
$$ \tan A = \frac{\sin A}{\cos A},\ \cot A = \frac{\cos A}{\sin A} $$
由此可得:
$$ \tan A - \cot A = \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} -\frac{\cos A}{\sin A} = \frac{\sin^2 A - \cos^2 A}{\cos A \sin A} $$
接着,根据正弦和余弦的定义可得:
$$ \sin^2 A + \cos^2 A = 1 $$
将其代入上式中,化简可得:
$$ \frac{\sin^2 A - \cos^2 A}{\cos A \sin A}=\frac{\sin^2 A}{\cos A \sin A} -\frac{\cos^2 A}{\cos A \sin A} = \frac{1}{\cos A} - \frac{1}{\sin A} $$
再根据正切和余切的定义可得:
$$ \tan A = \frac{\sin A}{\cos A},\ \cot A = \frac{\cos A}{\sin A} $$
由此可得:
$$ \frac{1}{\sin A} - \frac{1}{\cos A} = \frac{\cos A - \sin A}{\sin A \cos A} $$
因此,我们得到:
$$ \tan A - \cot A = \frac{\cos A - \sin A}{\sin A \cos A} $$
接着,根据正弦和余弦的定义可得:
$$ \sec A = \frac{1}{\cos A},\ \csc A = \frac{1}{\sin A} $$
于是,我们有:
$$ \tan A - \cot A = \frac{\cos A - \sin A}{\sin A \cos A} = \frac{1}{\sin A} - \frac{1}{\cos A} = \frac{\csc A - \sec A}{\sin A \cos A} $$
将其代入原式可得:
$$ \begin{aligned} 1 + \sec A - \tan A - \cos A &= 1 + \frac{1}{\cos A} - \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} - \cos A \ &= \frac{1 - \sin A \cos A}{\cos A} + \frac{1}{\cos A} \ &= \frac{1}{\cos A} - \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} + \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} + \frac{\cos A}{\cos A} \ &= \frac{1}{\cos A} - \frac{1}{\sin A} + \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} + 1 - 1 \ &= \frac{\csc A - \sec A}{\sin A \cos A} + \tan A - \cot A \ &= \tan A - \cot A + \tan A - \cot A \ &= 2 \tan A - 2 \cot A \ &= 2 \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} - 2 \frac{\cos A}{\sin A} \ &= \frac{2 \sin^2 A - 2 \cos^2 A}{\sin A \cos A} \ &= -\frac{2}{\cos 2A} \end{aligned} $$
同时,我们有:
$$ \begin{aligned} \frac{1}{\cos A} - \sec A + \tan A &= \frac{1 - \cos A}{\cos A} + \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} \ &= \frac{1}{\cos A} - \frac{\cos A}{\cos A} + \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} \ &= \frac{1}{\cos A} - \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} + \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} + 1 - 1 \ &= \frac{1}{\cos A} - \frac{1}{\sin A} + \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} + 1 - 1 \ &= \frac{\csc A - \sec A}{\sin A \cos A} + \tan A - \cot A \ &= \tan A - \cot A + \tan A - \cot A \ &= 2 \tan A - 2 \cot A \ &= 2 \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} - 2 \frac{\cos A}{\sin A} \ &= \frac{2 \sin^2 A - 2 \cos^2 A}{\sin A \cos A} \ &= -\frac{2}{\cos 2A} \end{aligned} $$
因此,我们证明了:
$$ 1 + \sec A - \tan A - \cos A = \frac{1}{\cos 2A} = \frac{1}{1 - \sin^2 A} = \frac{1}{\cos^2 A} = \frac{1}{\sec^2 A} $$
$$ \frac{1}{\cos A} - \sec A + \tan A = \frac{1}{\cos 2A} = \frac{1}{1 - \sin^2 A} = \frac{1}{\cos^2 A} = \frac{1}{\sec^2 A} $$
因此,原式得证。
## 证明
以下证明过程中,所有角度均为弧度制。
首先,根据正切和余切的定义可得:
$$ \tan A = \frac{\sin A}{\cos A},\ \cot A = \frac{\cos A}{\sin A} $$
由此可得:
$$ \tan A - \cot A = \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} -\frac{\cos A}{\sin A} = \frac{\sin^2 A - \cos^2 A}{\cos A \sin A} $$
接着,根据正弦和余弦的定义可得:
$$ \sin^2 A + \cos^2 A = 1 $$
将其代入上式中,化简可得:
$$ \frac{\sin^2 A - \cos^2 A}{\cos A \sin A}=\frac{\sin^2 A}{\cos A \sin A} -\frac{\cos^2 A}{\cos A \sin A} = \frac{1}{\cos A} - \frac{1}{\sin A} $$
再根据正切和余切的定义可得:
$$ \tan A = \frac{\sin A}{\cos A},\ \cot A = \frac{\cos A}{\sin A} $$
由此可得:
$$ \frac{1}{\sin A} - \frac{1}{\cos A} = \frac{\cos A - \sin A}{\sin A \cos A} $$
因此,我们得到:
$$ \tan A - \cot A = \frac{\cos A - \sin A}{\sin A \cos A} = \frac{1}{\sin A} - \frac{1}{\cos A} = \frac{\csc A - \sec A}{\sin A \cos A} $$
将其代入原式可得:
$$ \begin{aligned} 1 + \sec A - \tan A - \cos A &= 1 + \frac{1}{\cos A} - \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} - \cos A \\ &= \frac{1 - \sin A \cos A}{\cos A} + \frac{1}{\cos A} \\ &= \frac{1}{\cos A} - \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} + \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} + \frac{\cos A}{\cos A} \\ &= \frac{1}{\cos A} - \frac{1}{\sin A} + \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} + 1 - 1 \\ &= \frac{\csc A - \sec A}{\sin A \cos A} + \tan A - \cot A \\ &= \tan A - \cot A + \tan A - \cot A \\ &= 2 \tan A - 2 \cot A \\ &= 2 \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} - 2 \frac{\cos A}{\sin A} \\ &= \frac{2 \sin^2 A - 2 \cos^2 A}{\sin A \cos A} \\ &= -\frac{2}{\cos 2A} \end{aligned} $$
同时,我们有:
$$ \begin{aligned} \frac{1}{\cos A} - \sec A + \tan A &= \frac{1 - \cos A}{\cos A} + \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} \\ &= \frac{1}{\cos A} - \frac{\cos A}{\cos A} + \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} \\ &= \frac{1}{\cos A} - \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} + \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} + 1 - 1 \\ &= \frac{1}{\cos A} - \frac{1}{\sin A} + \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} + 1 - 1 \\ &= \frac{\csc A - \sec A}{\sin A \cos A} + \tan A - \cot A \\ &= \tan A - \cot A + \tan A - \cot A \\ &= 2 \tan A - 2 \cot A \\ &= 2 \frac{\sin A}{\cos A} - 2 \frac{\cos A}{\sin A} \\ &= \frac{2 \sin^2 A - 2 \cos^2 A}{\sin A \cos A} \\ &= -\frac{2}{\cos 2A} \end{aligned} $$
因此,我们证明了:
$$ 1 + \sec A - \tan A - \cos A = \frac{1}{\cos 2A} = \frac{1}{1 - \sin^2 A} = \frac{1}{\cos^2 A} = \frac{1}{\sec^2 A} $$
$$ \frac{1}{\cos A} - \sec A + \tan A = \frac{1}{\cos 2A} = \frac{1}{1 - \sin^2 A} = \frac{1}{\cos^2 A} = \frac{1}{\sec^2 A} $$
因此,原式得证。