微控制器是单个集成电路 (IC)，可与小型独立计算机相媲美，旨在执行嵌入式系统的特定任务。微控制器包含处理单元和少量内存(ROM、RAM 等)、少量用于外设、定时器等的 I/O 端口。AVR 和 PIC 属于微控制器系列。 PIC 微控制器和 AVR 微控制器在不同的体系结构和不同的指令集、速度、转换、内存、功耗、总线宽度等方面彼此不同。现在让我们详细了解它们之间的区别。
1. AVR 微控制器：
AVR 微控制器由 Atmel 公司于 1996 年制造。它基于 RISC 指令集架构 (ISA)，也称为高级虚拟 RISC。 AT90S8515 是最初属于 AVR 家族的微控制器。 AVR 微控制器是最受欢迎的控制器类别，而且价格便宜。它用于许多机器人应用。
2. PIC 微控制器：
PIC 代表外设接口控制器。 PIC 微控制器由 Microchip 开发。从实现和性能的角度来看，该微控制器是一种非常快速的简单微控制器。该微控制器易于编程，也易于与其他外围设备连接。
AVR和PIC的区别：
| S.No. | AVR | PIC |
|---|---|---|
| 01. | AVR stands for Advanced Virtual RISC micro-controller. | PIC stands for Peripheral Interface Controller micro-controller. |
| 02. | AVR micro-controller bus width is 8/32-bit. | PIC micro-controller bus width is 8/16/32-bit. |
| 03. | It supports UART, USART, SPI, I2C communication protocol. | It supports PIC, UART, USART, LIN, CAN, Ethernet, SPI communication protocol. |
| 04. | Its speed is 1 clock/ instruction cycle. | Its speed is 4 Clock/instruction cycle. |
| 05. | AVR micro-controller is based on RISC instruction set architecture. | PIC micro-controller is based on some features of RISC instruction set architecture. |
| 06. | It is based on Harvard architecture. | It is based on modified Havard architecture. |
| 07. | AVR families include Tiny, Atmega, Xmega, special purpose AVR. | PIC families include PIC16, PIC17, PIC18, PIC24, PIC32. |
| 08. | Manufacturer of AVR micro-controller is Atmel. | Manufacturer of PIC micro-controller is Microchip. |
| 09. | It is very cheap and effective micro-controller. | It is very cheap micro-controller. |
| 10. | Popular micro-controllers are Atmega8, 16, 32, Arduino Community. | Popular micro-controllers are PIC18fXX8, PIC16f88X, PIC32MXX. |