1. 物理拓扑：
物理拓扑表示网络不同元素的排列。它反映了设备和电缆的物理布局，形成一个连接的网络。它关注网络的基本要素，忽略了数据传输和设备类型等细节。节点(计算机)和网络电缆的排列模式取决于网络安装和设置的难易程度。它会根据设备的解决方案影响成本和带宽容量。它考虑了节点的放置和它们之间的距离。设备可以排列成一个环(Ring Topology)或线性连接在一条线上，称为总线拓扑。
2. 逻辑拓扑：
逻辑拓扑反映了设备及其通信的排列。它是通过物理拓扑传输数据。它独立于物理拓扑，与节点的排列无关。它涉及网络的复杂细节，例如选择的设备类型(交换机、路由器)及其质量，这会影响数据包传输的速率和速度。逻辑拓扑确保可在网络内调节的最佳流量控制。
数据可以以称为逻辑总线的线性模式或以圆形逻辑环的形式流动。
物理拓扑和逻辑拓扑的区别：
| Physical Topology | Logical Topology
| Depicts physical layout of network. |
Depicts logistics of network concerned with transmission of data. |
The layout can be modified based on needs. |
There is no interference and manipulation involved here. |
It can be arranged in star, ring, mesh and bus topologies. |
It exists in bus and ring topologies. |
This has major impact on cost, scalability and bandwidth capacity of network based on selection and availability of devices. |
This has major impact on speed and delivery of data packets. It also handles flow control and ordered delivery of data packets. |
It is actual route concerned with transmission. |
It is a high level representation of data flow. |
Physical connection of the network. |
Data path followed of the network. |
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