平均偏差公式
收集和分析数据的过程称为统计。统计中的偏差称为变量的其他值与观察值之间的变化。让我们更多地研究一下偏差
平均偏差
标准分布的平均偏差是其集中趋势的度量。可以用三种方法计算。它们是算术平均值、中位数、众数。
平均偏差用于显示观测值与观测数据的平均值之间的距离。这些中的每一个都被认为是一个绝对值。在这种情况下,负面迹象完全被忽略了。据此,称双方的偏差是等价的。平均偏差的合适平均值可以是平均值、中位数或数据模式。例如,单个、离散和连续系列的平均偏差公式。
平均偏差的类型
平均偏差分为三种类型。它们是单个系列、离散系列和连续系列。
- 个人系列
当数据以系列的形式单独提供时,它被称为单独的系列。它基本上是一系列形式的原始数据形式,单独形成一个排列。在单个系列中,项目以单一形式表示。
For example, let us assume the following scores by the players in a cricket match:
56, 97, 46, 88, 67, 59, 62, 78, 90, 58, 77
In the above data, it is not given that how many players score 56 runs and more than 78 in a single sight.
- 离散系列
离散序列是用于反映观察变量的每个特定值的序列。其中一个变量对应一个整数值。在离散系列中,数据中项目的精确测量是可见的。例如,下表中 20 名工人的工资如下:
Conclusively 6 workers are getting RS 2000 wages paid, and 4 workers are getting RS 2500 paid, and so on.
- 连续系列
连续系列是保持某些特定类别中的项目的系列。类区间中的项目失去其个体身份,并且这些个体项目在一个或另一个类区间中合并。每个班级都有连续性,这意味着一个班级的结束应该是另一个班级的开始。这就是为什么它被命名为连续系列。
For example, the continuous series is depicted as follows
算术平均值的平均偏差(公式)
- 个人系列
Mean Deviation (M.D) = ∑∣X – X̄∣ / N
Where,
∑ – Summation
x – Observation
X̄ – Mean
N – Number of observation
- 离散系列
Mean Deviation (M.D) = ∑f∣X – X̄∣ / ∑f
Where,
∑ – Summation
x – Observation
X̄ – Mean
f – frequency of observation
- 连续系列
Mean Deviation (M.D) = ∑f∣X – X̄∣ / ∑f
Where,
∑ – Summation
x – Mid-value of the class
X̄ – Mean
f – frequency of observation
与中位数的平均偏差(公式)
- 个人系列
Mean Deviation (M.D) = ∑|X – M| / N
Where,
∑ – Summation
x – Observation
M – Median
N – Number of observation
- 离散系列
Mean Deviation (M.D) = ∑ f|X – M| / ∑ f
Where,
∑ – Summation
x – Observation
M – Median
N – Frequency of observations
- 连续系列
Mean Deviation (M.D) = ∑ f∣X – X̄∣ / ∑f
Where,
∑ – Summation
x – Observation
M – Median
N – Frequency of observations
模式的平均偏差(公式)
- 个人系列
Mean Deviation (M.D) = ∑|X – Mode| / N
Where,
∑ – Summation
x – Observation
M – Mode
N – Number of observations
- 离散系列
Mean Deviation (M.D) = ∑ f|X – Mode| / ∑ f
Where,
∑ – Summation
x – Observation
M – Mode
N – Frequency of observations
- 连续系列
Mean Deviation (M.D) = ∑ f |X – Mode| / ∑ f
Where,
∑ – Summation
x – Observation
M – Mode
N – Frequency of observations
计算平均偏差的步骤
- 首先,我们必须计算给定数据的算术平均值、中位数或众数
- 现在我们必须计算与均值、中位数或众数的偏差,并且必须忽略负项
- 现在我们必须将偏差乘以数据的频率。此步骤只能在求解离散或连续序列时完成,此步骤不适用于单个序列。
- 现在总结所有的偏差
- 应用公式并解决问题。
类似问题
问题 1:根据以下数据计算与中位数的平均偏差和平均偏差的系数:
学生成绩:88、14、78、69、44、54、18、79、40。
解决方案:
Arrange the data in ascending order: 14, 18, 40, 44, 54, 69, 78, 79, 88.
Median = Value of the (N + 1)TH / 2 term
= Value of the (9 + 1)TH / 2 term = 54
Calculation of mean deviation: X |X – M| 14 40 18 36 40 14 44 10 54 0 69 15 78 24 79 25 88 34 N = 9 ∑|X–M|=198
M.D. = ∑|X – M| / N
= 198/9
= 22
Co-efficient of Mean Deviation from Median = M.D./M
= 22/54
= 0.4074
问题2:使用以下数据计算均值的均值偏差
5、8、14、16、20、6、8、19。
解决方案:
First, we have to find the mean of the data that we are provided with
Mean of the given data = Sum of all the terms total number of terms
X̄ = 5 + 8 + 14 + 16 + 20 + 6 + 8 + 19
= 96/8
= 12
Next, find the mean deviationXi Xi – x̄ |Xi – x̄| 5 5 – 12 = -7 |-7| = 7 8 8 – 12 = -4 |-4| = 4 14 14 – 12 = 2 |2| = 2 16 16 – 12 = 4 |4| = 4 20 20 – 12 = 8 |8| = 8 6 6 – 12 = -6 |-6| = 6 8 8 – 12 = -4 |-4| = 4 19 19 – 12 = 7 |7| = 7 ∑|Xi − x̄| = 42
Mean deviation about mean = ∑|Xi − X̄| / 8
= 42/8
= 5.25
问题 3:找出以下数据中位数的平均偏差。 Wages (number of workers)Frequency 2000 6 2500 4 3000 2 3500 3 4000 3 4500 2
解决方案:
Class f cf xi |x – x̄| f. |x – x̄| 5-15 16 16 10 11 176 15-25 5 21 20 1 5 25-35 8 29 30 9 72 35-45 6 35 40 19 114 45-55 3 38 50 29 87 Total N = 38
To find the median class,
N/2 = 38/2 = 19
thus cf is nearest to 20
Thus, median class is 15 – 25.
l = 15, i = 10, f = 5, cf = 16, ∑51 fi/2= 19
Substituting these values in the formula,
M = l+(∑51 fi/2 − cf)/f × h
= 21
Mean deviation about median = ∑51 fi|xi − M| / ∑51fi
= 295.6 / 38 = 7.778
Answer: Mean deviation about median = 7.778
问题 4:求 {17, 24, 37, 18, 4} 的均值的均值偏差
解决方案:
The data is ungrouped, thus mean = (17 + 24 + 37 + 18 + 4) / 5 = 20x |x – x̄| 17 3 24 4 37 17 18 2 4 16 Total 42
Using the formula,
∑51|xi − μ|/5
= 42 / 5 = 8.4
Mean deviation about mean = 8.4
问题 5:确定数据值 4、2、9、7、3、5 的平均偏差。
解决方案:
Given data values are 4, 2, 9, 7, 3, 5.
We know that the procedure to calculate the mean deviation.
First, find the mean for the given data:
Mean, µ = (4 + 2 + 9 + 7 + 3 + 5)/6
µ = 30/6
µ = 5
Therefore, the mean value is 5.
Now, subtract each mean from the data value, and ignore the minus symbol if any
(Ignore”-”)
4 – 5 = 1
2 – 5 = 3
9 – 5 = 4
7 – 5 = 2
3 – 5 = 2
5 – 5 = 0
Now, the obtained data set is 1, 3, 4, 2, 2, 0.
Finally, find the mean value for the obtained data set
Therefore, the mean deviation is
= (1 + 3 + 4 + 2 + 2 + 0) /6
= 12/6
= 2
Hence, the mean deviation for 4, 2, 9, 7, 3, 5 is 2.
问题 6:求给定序列的均值偏差,同时计算其系数,Age Frequency 10-15 4 15-20 12 20-25 16 25-30 22 30-35 10 35-40 8 40-45 6 45-50 4
解决方案:
C-I f x fx x – x̄ |x – x̄| f|x – x̄| 0-2 3 1 3 1-4.7=-3.7 3.7 11.1 2-4 5 3 15 3-4.7=-1.7 1.7 8.5 4-6 6 5 30 5-4.7=0.3 0.3 1.8 6-8 4 7 28 7-4.7=2.3 2.3 9.2 8-10 2 9 18 9-4.7=4.3 4.3 8.6 ∑f = 20 ∑fx = 94 ∑f|x – x̄| = 39.2
x̄= ∑fx/∑f = 94/20 = 4.7
M,D = ∑f|x – x̄|/∑f = 39.2/20 = 1.96
Coefficient of M,D, = M.D./mean = 1.96/4.7 = 0.417