摩擦公式
摩擦力是一种作用力,用于减慢接触的两个物体的运动。摩擦能转化为声和热。摩擦有两种类型:静摩擦和动摩擦。当摩擦力足以抑制两个物体之间的运动时,称为静摩擦。当摩擦力不足以停止所有运动时,就会施加动摩擦。热量的产生是动摩擦的影响之一。
摩擦公式
Ff = μη
Where,
Ff = force of friction acting on the object
μ = coefficient of friction
η = normal force acting on the object
示例问题
问题 1:一个孩子正在拉一个重 10 公斤的盒子。如果摩擦系数 μ 为 0.3,则作用的标准力是多少,还要计算摩擦力?
解决方案
Mass, m = 10 Kg,
Normal force is given by Fn = mg
= 10 Kg × 9.8 m/s2
= 98 N.
The Frictional force is articulated by Ff = μ Fn
= 0.3 × 98 N.
= 29.4 N.
问题 2:体重 40 公斤的 Nancy 在霜冻上滑倒。如果作用的摩擦系数为0.45。找到她和霜层之间的摩擦力了吗?
解决方案
Mass m = 40 Kg
Coefficient of friction μ = 0.3
The Normal force is articulated by Fn = mg
= 40 Kg × 9.8 m/s2
= 392 N.
The Frictional force is articulated by Ff = μ Fn
= 0.45 × 392 N
= 176.4 N.
问题3:对地板上一个摩擦系数为0.2的盒子施加100N的力。计算摩擦力。
解决方案
The normal force Fn=100 N
Coefficient of friction= 0.2
Friction force (Ff) = μ Fn
= 0.2 x 100
=20 N
问题 4:将 60N 的力施加到搁在地板上且摩擦系数为 0.4 的盒子上。计算摩擦力。
解决方案
The normal force Fn=60 N
Coefficient of friction= 0.4
Friction force (Ff) = μ Fn
= 0.4 x 60
= 24 N
问题 5:一个男孩在一个平坦的水平表面上拉动一个质量为 50 公斤的物体。如果摩擦系数为 0.3,计算摩擦力。
解决方案
Mass of the body m = 50Kg
Coefficient of friction =0.3.
The friction formula is given as
Ff = μ Fn
Here N is the normal force given by the formula
N = mg
g is the acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m/s2
So , N = 50 × 9.81
= 5395.5 Kg m/s2
=5395.5 N
Now substituting the values in the friction formula we get the required frictional force
F = 0.3 × 5395.5
= 1618.65 N