📅  最后修改于: 2023-12-03 14:49:01.524000             🧑  作者: Mango
在计算机科学中,二叉树是一种常见的数据结构。它由节点组成,每个节点最多有两个子节点:一个左子节点和一个右子节点。在二叉树中,边界节点指的是树的外围节点,即根节点、叶子节点和所有途经的节点。
本文将介绍如何计算二叉树的所有边界节点之和。我们将使用深度优先搜索(DFS)算法来遍历二叉树,并根据节点的位置和类型来计算边界节点的值。
sum
,用于保存边界节点之和的累加值。sum
中。sum
作为边界节点之和。下面是使用Python语言实现的示例代码:
class TreeNode:
def __init__(self, val=0, left=None, right=None):
self.val = val
self.left = left
self.right = right
def boundarySum(root):
if not root:
return 0
def isLeaf(node):
return not node.left and not node.right
def addLeftBoundary(node):
if not node or isLeaf(node):
return
nonlocal boundarySum
if node != root:
boundarySum += node.val
if node.left:
addLeftBoundary(node.left)
else:
addLeftBoundary(node.right)
def addRightBoundary(node):
if not node or isLeaf(node):
return
nonlocal boundarySum
if node.right:
addRightBoundary(node.right)
else:
addRightBoundary(node.left)
if node != root:
boundarySum += node.val
def addLeaves(node):
if not node:
return
if isLeaf(node):
nonlocal boundarySum
boundarySum += node.val
return
addLeaves(node.left)
addLeaves(node.right)
boundarySum = 0
addLeftBoundary(root.left)
addLeaves(root.left)
addLeaves(root.right)
addRightBoundary(root.right)
return boundarySum + root.val
# 使用示例
# 构造二叉树
root = TreeNode(1)
root.left = TreeNode(2)
root.left.left = TreeNode(4)
root.left.right = TreeNode(5)
root.left.right.left = TreeNode(7)
root.left.right.right = TreeNode(8)
root.right = TreeNode(3)
root.right.left = TreeNode(6)
root.right.left.left = TreeNode(9)
root.right.left.right = TreeNode(10)
sum = boundarySum(root)
print("边界节点之和为:", sum)
本文介绍了如何计算二叉树的所有边界节点之和。通过深度优先搜索算法,我们可以按照边界节点的顺序遍历二叉树,并将节点值相加得到边界节点之和。希望通过本文的介绍和示例代码,您能更好地理解并应用这一算法。