使用 Jetpack Compose 在 Android 中的特定文本范围内添加超链接
在 Android 中,TextView 用于在屏幕上显示 Activity 内的文本。同样,在 Jetpack Compose 中,Text 元素用于在活动屏幕上显示文本。默认情况下,Text 无法在文本周围创建超链接,因此,我们使用 Annonated String 创建超链接并使用 Clickable Text 显示它。
因此,在本文中,我们将向您展示如何使用 Jetpack Compose 在 Android 中的特定文本范围内创建超链接。 IDE 准备就绪后,请按照以下步骤操作。
分步实施
第 1 步:在 Android Studio 中创建一个新项目
要在 Android Studio 中创建新项目,请参阅如何在 Android Studio 中创建/启动新项目。选择模板时,选择Empty Compose Activity 。如果您没有找到此模板,请尝试将 Android Studio 升级到最新版本。我们在Kotlin中演示了该应用程序,因此请确保在创建新项目时选择 Kotlin 作为主要语言。
第 2 步:在 AndroidManifest.xml 文件中添加 INTERNET 权限
XML
Kotlin
package com.geeksforgeeks.jctextspanhyperlink
import android.os.Bundle
import androidx.activity.ComponentActivity
import androidx.activity.compose.setContent
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.*
import androidx.compose.foundation.text.ClickableText
import androidx.compose.material.*
import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color
import androidx.compose.ui.platform.LocalUriHandler
import androidx.compose.ui.text.SpanStyle
import androidx.compose.ui.text.buildAnnotatedString
import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextDecoration
import androidx.compose.ui.tooling.preview.Preview
class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContent {
// Calling the composable function
// to display element and its contents
MainContent()
}
}
}
// Creating a composable
// function to display Top Bar
@Composable
fun MainContent() {
Scaffold(
topBar = { TopAppBar(title = { Text("GFG | Text Span Hyperlink", color = Color.White) }, backgroundColor = Color(0xff0f9d58)) },
content = { MyContent() }
)
}
// Creating a composable function
// to create a Clickable Text
// Calling this function as content
// in the above function
@Composable
fun MyContent(){
// Creating an annonated string
val mAnnotatedLinkString = buildAnnotatedString {
// creating a string to display in the Text
val mStr = "Click this link to go to web site"
// word and span to be hyperlinked
val mStartIndex = mStr.indexOf("link")
val mEndIndex = mStartIndex + 4
append(mStr)
addStyle(
style = SpanStyle(
color = Color.Blue,
textDecoration = TextDecoration.Underline
), start = mStartIndex, end = mEndIndex
)
// attach a string annotation that
// stores a URL to the text "link"
addStringAnnotation(
tag = "URL",
annotation = "https://www.geeksforgeeks.org",
start = mStartIndex,
end = mEndIndex
)
}
// UriHandler parse and opens URI inside
// AnnotatedString Item in Browse
val mUriHandler = LocalUriHandler.current
Column(Modifier.fillMaxSize(), horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally, verticalArrangement = Arrangement.Center) {
// ???? Clickable text returns position of text
// that is clicked in onClick callback
ClickableText(
text = mAnnotatedLinkString,
onClick = {
mAnnotatedLinkString
.getStringAnnotations("URL", it, it)
.firstOrNull()?.let { stringAnnotation ->
mUriHandler.openUri(stringAnnotation.item)
}
}
)
}
}
// For displaying preview in
// the Android Studio IDE emulator
@Preview(showBackground = true)
@Composable
fun DefaultPreview() {
MainContent()
}
第 3 步:使用 MainActivity.kt 文件
转到MainActivity.kt文件并参考以下代码。下面是MainActivity.kt文件的代码。代码中添加了注释以更详细地理解代码。
科特林
package com.geeksforgeeks.jctextspanhyperlink
import android.os.Bundle
import androidx.activity.ComponentActivity
import androidx.activity.compose.setContent
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.*
import androidx.compose.foundation.text.ClickableText
import androidx.compose.material.*
import androidx.compose.runtime.Composable
import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color
import androidx.compose.ui.platform.LocalUriHandler
import androidx.compose.ui.text.SpanStyle
import androidx.compose.ui.text.buildAnnotatedString
import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextDecoration
import androidx.compose.ui.tooling.preview.Preview
class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContent {
// Calling the composable function
// to display element and its contents
MainContent()
}
}
}
// Creating a composable
// function to display Top Bar
@Composable
fun MainContent() {
Scaffold(
topBar = { TopAppBar(title = { Text("GFG | Text Span Hyperlink", color = Color.White) }, backgroundColor = Color(0xff0f9d58)) },
content = { MyContent() }
)
}
// Creating a composable function
// to create a Clickable Text
// Calling this function as content
// in the above function
@Composable
fun MyContent(){
// Creating an annonated string
val mAnnotatedLinkString = buildAnnotatedString {
// creating a string to display in the Text
val mStr = "Click this link to go to web site"
// word and span to be hyperlinked
val mStartIndex = mStr.indexOf("link")
val mEndIndex = mStartIndex + 4
append(mStr)
addStyle(
style = SpanStyle(
color = Color.Blue,
textDecoration = TextDecoration.Underline
), start = mStartIndex, end = mEndIndex
)
// attach a string annotation that
// stores a URL to the text "link"
addStringAnnotation(
tag = "URL",
annotation = "https://www.geeksforgeeks.org",
start = mStartIndex,
end = mEndIndex
)
}
// UriHandler parse and opens URI inside
// AnnotatedString Item in Browse
val mUriHandler = LocalUriHandler.current
Column(Modifier.fillMaxSize(), horizontalAlignment = Alignment.CenterHorizontally, verticalArrangement = Arrangement.Center) {
// ???? Clickable text returns position of text
// that is clicked in onClick callback
ClickableText(
text = mAnnotatedLinkString,
onClick = {
mAnnotatedLinkString
.getStringAnnotations("URL", it, it)
.firstOrNull()?.let { stringAnnotation ->
mUriHandler.openUri(stringAnnotation.item)
}
}
)
}
}
// For displaying preview in
// the Android Studio IDE emulator
@Preview(showBackground = true)
@Composable
fun DefaultPreview() {
MainContent()
}
输出:
您可以看到超链接是在显示“链接”一词的文本跨度上创建的。