程序计算正方形的对角线长度

给定正整数S ，任务是找到边长为S的正方形的对角线长度。

例子：

Input: S = 10
Output: 14.1421
Explanation: The length of the diagonal of a square whose sides are of length 10 is 14.1421

Input: S = 24
Output: 33.9411

方法：可以根据正方形的边长和正方形的对角线长度之间的数学关系来解决给定的问题，如下所示：

As visible from the above image, the diagonal and the two sides of the square form a right-angled triangle. Therefore, by applying Pythagoras Theorem:
(hypotenuse)² = (base)² + (perpendicular)², where D and S are length of the diagonal and the square.

Therefore, 
=> $D^{2} = S^{2} + S^{2}$
=> $D^{2} = 2*S^{2}$
=> $D = S \sqrt 2$

因此，仅需使用以上推导的关系来计算对角线的长度即可。

下面是上述方法的实现：

C++

// C++ program for the above approach
#include 
using namespace std;
 
// Function to find the length of the
// diagonal of a square of a given side
double findDiagonal(double s)
{
    return sqrt(2) * s;
}
 
// Driver Code
int main()
{
    double S = 10;
    cout << findDiagonal(S);
 
    return 0;
}

Java

// Java program for the above approach
import java.util.*;
 
class GFG{
 
// Function to find the length of the
// diagonal of a square of a given side
static double findDiagonal(double s)
{
    return (double)Math.sqrt(2) * s;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
    double S = 10;
     
    System.out.print(findDiagonal(S));
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by splevel62

Python3

# Python3 program for the above approach
import math
 
# Function to find the length of the
# diagonal of a square of a given side
def findDiagonal(s):
     
    return math.sqrt(2) * s
 
# Driver Code
if __name__ == "__main__":
 
    S = 10
     
    print(findDiagonal(S))
 
# This code is contributed by chitranayal

C#

// C# program for the above approach
using System;
public class GFG
{
 
// Function to find the length of the
// diagonal of a square of a given side
static double findDiagonal(double s)
{
    return (double)Math.Sqrt(2) * s;
}
 
// Driver Code
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
    double S = 10;
     
    Console.Write(findDiagonal(S));
}
}
 
// This code is contributed by 29AjayKumar

Javascript

 
// JavaScript program for the above approach
 
// Function to find the length of the
// diagonal of a square of a given side
function findDiagonal(s)
{
    return Math.sqrt(2) * s;
}
 
// Driver Code
var S = 10;
 
document.write(findDiagonal(S).toFixed(6));
 
// This code contributed by shikhasingrajput
 

输出：

14.1421

时间复杂度： O(log S)
辅助空间： O(1)