如何在 Python-Bokeh 中使用调色板？
Bokeh 是一个Python交互式数据可视化。它使用 HTML 和 JavaScript 渲染其绘图。它针对现代 Web 浏览器进行演示，提供具有高性能交互性的新颖图形的优雅、简洁构造。 Bokeh 在bokeh.palettes模块中为我们提供了多种调色板。让我们看看如何在 Bokeh 中使用这些调色板。
调色板是（十六进制）RGB 颜色字符串的简单纯Python列表。例如， blues8调色板的颜色为： ('#084594', '#2171b5', '#4292c6', '#6baed6', '#9ecae1', '#c6dbef', '#deebf7', '#f7fbff') .
Bokeh 中有 5 种类型的内置调色板：
- Matplotlib 调色板
- D3 调色板
- 布鲁尔调色板
- 色彩不足的可用性调色板
- 大调色板
Matplotlib 调色板
Bokeh 为我们提供了 Matplotlib 调色板。 Matplotlib 调色板有 5 种类型：
- 岩浆
- 地狱火
- 等离子体
- 维里迪斯
- 西维迪斯
每种类型的调色板都有 10 个不同版本的调色板，颜色数量不同，分别是 3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11 和 256。
示例：我们将通过使用 vbar()函数绘制多个垂直条来演示 Matplotlib 调色板。
# importing the modules
from bokeh.plotting import figure, output_file, show
from bokeh.palettes import Magma, Inferno, Plasma, Viridis, Cividis
# file to save the model
output_file("gfg.html")
# instantiating the figure object
graph = figure(title = "Bokeh Palettes")
# demonstrating the Magma palette
graph.vbar(x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11],
top = [9] * 11,
bottom = [8] * 11,
width = 1,
color = Magma[11])
# demonstrating the Inferno palette
graph.vbar(x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11],
top = [7] * 11,
bottom = [6] * 11,
width = 1,
color = Inferno[11])
# demonstrating the Plasma palette
graph.vbar(x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11],
top = [5] * 11,
bottom = [4] * 11,
width = 1,
color = Plasma[11])
# demonstrating the Viridis palette
graph.vbar(x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11],
top = [3] * 11,
bottom = [2] * 11,
width = 1,
color = Viridis[11])
# demonstrating the Cividis palette
graph.vbar(x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11],
top = [1] * 11,
width = 1,
color = Cividis[11])
# displaying the model
show(graph)
输出 ：
D3 调色板
Bokeh 为我们提供了 D3 分类调色板。有 4 种类型的 D3 调色板可用：
- 类别10
- 类别20
- 类别20b
- 类别20c
示例：我们将通过使用 vbar()函数绘制多个垂直条来演示 D3 调色板。
# importing the modules
from bokeh.plotting import figure, output_file, show
from bokeh.palettes import Category10, Category20, Category20b, Category20c
# file to save the model
output_file("gfg.html")
# instantiating the figure object
graph = figure(title = "Bokeh Palettes")
# demonstrating the Category10 palette
graph.vbar(x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10],
top = [9] * 10,
bottom = [8] * 10,
width = 1,
color = Category10[10])
# demonstrating the Category20 palette
graph.vbar(x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10],
top = [7] * 10,
bottom = [6] * 10,
width = 1,
color = Category20[10])
# demonstrating the Category20b palette
graph.vbar(x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10],
top = [5] * 10,
bottom = [4] * 10,
width = 1,
color = Category20b[10])
# demonstrating the Category20c palette
graph.vbar(x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10],
top = [3] * 10,
bottom = [2] * 10,
width = 1,
color = Category20c[10])
# displaying the model
show(graph)
输出 ： 
布鲁尔调色板
Bokeh 为我们提供了 ColorBrewer 调色板。有 35 种类型的 ColorBrewer 调色板可用：
- 口音
- 蓝调
- 溴化硼
- BUGn
- 布普
- 黑暗2
- 氮化硼
- 青菜
- 格雷斯
- 或Rd
- 橘子
- PRGn
- 配对
- 粉彩1
- 粉彩2
- 皮尤格
- 普布
- 普布金
- 聚氨酯
- 泥浆
- 紫色
- RdBu
- 陀螺仪
- RdPu
- RdYlBu
- RdYlGn
- 红军
- 设置1
- 第 2 组
- 第 3 组
- 光谱
- YlGn
- 鎓
- 溴化铬
- YLORRD
示例：我们将通过使用 vbar()函数绘制多个垂直条来演示 ColorBrewer 调色板。
# importing the modules
from bokeh.plotting import figure, output_file, show
from bokeh.palettes import BrBG, PiYG, RdGy, RdYlGn, YlGnBu
# file to save the model
output_file("gfg.html")
# instantiating the figure object
graph = figure(title = "Bokeh Palettes")
# demonstrating the BrBG palette
graph.vbar(x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9],
top = [9] * 9,
bottom = [8] * 9,
width = 1,
color = BrBG[9])
# demonstrating the PiYG palette
graph.vbar(x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9],
top = [7] * 9,
bottom = [6] * 9,
width = 1,
color = PiYG[9])
# demonstrating the RdGy palette
graph.vbar(x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9],
top = [5] * 9,
bottom = [4] * 9,
width = 1,
color = RdGy[9])
# demonstrating the RdYlGn palette
graph.vbar(x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9],
top = [3] * 9,
bottom = [2] * 9,
width = 1,
color = RdYlGn[9])
# demonstrating the YlGnBu palette
graph.vbar(x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9],
top = [1] * 9,
width = 1,
color = YlGnBu[9])
# displaying the model
show(graph)
输出 ： 
可用性调色板
Bokeh 为我们提供了一个对色盲或色盲人士有用的调色板。
示例：我们将通过使用 vbar()函数绘制多个垂直条来演示可用性调色板。
# importing the modules
from bokeh.plotting import figure, output_file, show
from bokeh.palettes import Colorblind
# file to save the model
output_file("gfg.html")
# instantiating the figure object
graph = figure(title = "Bokeh Palettes")
# demonstrating the Colorblind palette
graph.vbar(x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8],
top = [1] * 8,
width = 1,
color = Colorblind[8])
# displaying the model
show(graph)
输出 ： 
大调色板
上面讨论的调色板对于某些应用程序可能很小。 Bokeh 为我们提供了大调色板，每个调色板有 256 种颜色。有 7 个大调色板：
- 灰色256
- 地狱火256
- 岩浆256
- 等离子256
- Viridis256
- Cividis256
- 涡轮256
示例：我们将通过使用 vbar()函数绘制多个垂直条来演示大调色板。
# importing the modules
from bokeh.plotting import figure, output_file, show
from bokeh.palettes import Greys256, Inferno256, Magma256, Plasma256
from bokeh.palettes import Viridis256, Cividis256, Turbo256
# file to save the model
output_file("gfg.html")
# instantiating the figure object
graph = figure(title = "Bokeh Palettes")
# demonstrating the Greys256 palette
graph.vbar(x = [i for i in range(256)],
top = [20] * 256,
bottom = [18] * 256,
width = 1,
color = Greys256)
# demonstrating the Inferno256 palette
graph.vbar(x = [i for i in range(256)],
top = [17] * 256,
bottom = [15] * 256,
width = 1,
color = Inferno256)
# demonstrating the Magma256 palette
graph.vbar(x = [i for i in range(256)],
top = [14] * 256,
bottom = [12] * 256,
width = 1,
color = Magma256)
# demonstrating the Plasma256 palette
graph.vbar(x = [i for i in range(256)],
top = [11] * 256,
bottom = [9] * 256,
width = 1,
color = Plasma256)
# demonstrating the Viridis256 palette
graph.vbar(x = [i for i in range(256)],
top = [8] * 256,
bottom = [6] * 256,
width = 1,
color = Viridis256)
# demonstrating the Cividis256 palette
graph.vbar(x = [i for i in range(256)],
top = [5] * 256,
bottom = [3] * 256,
width = 1,
color = Cividis256)
# demonstrating the Turbo256 palette
graph.vbar(x = [i for i in range(256)],
top = [2] * 256,
bottom = [0] * 256,
width = 1,
color = Turbo256)
# displaying the model
show(graph)
输出 ： 
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