给定数字N ,任务是使用按位与运算符N除以4时找到余数。
例子:
Input: N = 98
Output: 2
Explanation:
98 % 4 = 2. Hence the output is 2.
Input: 200
Output: 0
Explanation:
200 % 4 = 0. Hence output is 0.
天真的方法:
为了解决上述问题,我们可以使用天真的方法,通过使用Modulo(%)运算符来找到余数。但是,模运算符在计算上是昂贵的,并且该方法是无效的。
高效方法:
如果我们仔细观察N的二进制表示形式及其4的余数,我们将观察到余数只是N中最右边的两位。要获得数字N中最右边的两位,我们用3进行按位AND(&),因为3表示二进制是0011。为了更好地理解该方法,让我们看一下下面的图片:
下面是上述方法的实现:
C
// C implementation to find N
// modulo 4 using Bitwise AND operator
#include
// Function to find the remainder
int findRemainder(int n)
{
// Bitwise AND with 3
int x = n & 3;
// return x
return x;
}
// Driver code
int main()
{
int N = 43;
int ans = findRemainder(N);
printf("%d", ans);
return 0;
}
C++
// C++ implementation to find N
// modulo 4 using Bitwise AND operator
#include
using namespace std;
// Function to find the remainder
int findRemainder(int n)
{
// Bitwise AND with 3
int x = n & 3;
// Return x
return x;
}
// Driver code
int main()
{
int N = 43;
int ans = findRemainder(N);
cout << ans << endl;
return 0;
}
Java
// Java implementation to find N
// modulo 4 using Bitwise AND operator
class Main {
// Driver code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int N = 43;
int ans = findRemainder(N);
System.out.println(ans);
}
// Function to find the remainder
public static int findRemainder(int n)
{
// Bitwise AND with 3
int x = n & 3;
// return x
return x;
}
}
Python 3
# Python 3 implementation to find N
# modulo 4 using Bitwise AND operator
# Function to find the remainder
def findRemainder(n):
# Bitwise AND with 3
x = n & 3
# Return x
return x
# Driver code
if __name__ == '__main__':
N = 43
ans = findRemainder(N)
print(ans)
# This code is contributed by Surendra_Gangwar
C#
// C# implementation to find N
// modulo 4 using Bitwise AND operator
using System;
class GFG {
// Driver code
public static void Main()
{
int N = 43;
int ans = findRemainder(N);
Console.Write(ans);
}
// Function to find the remainder
public static int findRemainder(int n)
{
// Bitwise AND with 3
int x = n & 3;
// return x
return x;
}
}
# This code is contributed by chitranayal
输出:
3
时间复杂度: O(1)