如果长方体的长、宽和高加倍,长方体的表面积会发生什么变化?
测量是数学的一个分支,涉及几何图形和参数(如体积、面积、表面积等)的研究。它可以处理 和 2-D 和 3-D 图形。或者我们可以说,当我们处理面积、特定形状的体积或几何图形的不同参数时,它被称为数学中的测量。
长方体
长方体是包含在 6 个面内的三维几何图形。它使用三个维度来识别,即长度、宽度和高度。它可以看作是一堆连接在一起的矩形板。一个长方体的所有顶点都是 90°。
长方体的表面积
长方体的表面积,用SA表示,等于长方体所有六个面的面积之和。由于任何矩形面的乘积等于任何二维的乘积,因此,SA 由下式给出,
Surface Area = 2lw + 2lh + 2hw
S.A = 2 (lw + lh + hw)
其中,SA 是长方体的表面积,l 是长方体,h 是高,w 是长方体的宽。因此,表面积等于长度的乘积,一次取两个。因此,长方体的表面积是以平方单位来衡量的。
如果长方体的长、宽和高加倍,长方体的表面积会发生什么变化?
解决方案:
As we know that
S.A = 2 (lw + lh + hw)
Let us assume l’ , w’ and h’ to be the new length, width and height respectively. Also, the new surface area to be denoted by S.A’.
According to the problem statement,
SA’ = 2 (l’w’ + l’h’ + h’w’)
Now, each of the length, width and height are doubled, thereby,
l’ = 2l
h’ = 2h
w’ = 2w
S.A’ = 2 (2l x 2w + 2l x 2h + 2h x 2w)
SA’ = 2 x 4 (lw + lh + hw)
On solving,
S.A’ = 4 x 2 (lw + lh + hw)
Since,
S.A = 2 (lw + lh + hw)
So,
S.A’ = 4 x S.A
The surface area of cuboid therefore becomes four times if we double all the dimensions of the cuboid.
类似问题
问题1:你能用长方体的表面积推导出立方体的表面积吗?
解决方案:
Since, we know,
Surface Area of Cuboid = 2 (lw + lh + hw), where let us assume the length to be denoted by l, height to be denoted by h and width to be denoted by w respectively.
In case of a cube, length, width and height of a cube are equivalent. Let us assume ‘a’ to be the length, breadth and height of the cube.
On substituting the values, we obtain,
Surface Area of cube = 2 (a x a + a x a + a x a)
= 2 (3 a2)
= 6 a2
问题2:利用上式求长方体的表面积,长、宽、高各等于2m。
解决方案:
Surface Area of cube = 6 a2
We have, a = 2m
Therefore,
Surface Area = 6 x 22
= 6 x 4 m2
= 24 m2
问题3:如果将长方体的长度设为原来的一半,长方体的表面积会发生什么变化?
解决方案:
As we know that,
S.A = 2 (lw + lh + hw)
Now,
New surface area, SA’ = 2 (l’w’ + l’h’ + h’w’)
l’ = 1/2l
w’ = w
h’ = h
SA’ = 2(1/2l x w + 1/2 l x h + h w)
SA’ = 2(1/2 (lw + lh) + hw)
SA’ = lw + lh + 2hw
问题4:如果长方体的长、宽、高各做n次,推导公式。
解决方案:
As we know that,
S.A = 2 (lw + lh + hw)
Now,
New surface area, SA’ = 2 (l’w’ + l’h’ + h’w’)
l’ = nl
h’ = nh
w’ = nw
SA’ = 2 (nl x nw + nl x nh + nh x nw)
SA’ = 2n2 (lw + lh + hw)
SA’ = n2 x SA
Therefore, the surface area becomes n2 times.
问题 5:用上面的公式,说明在每个尺寸缩小到 1/3 倍的情况下,表面积如何变化。
解决方案:
The surface area becomes (1/3)2 times.
Therefore,
The new surface area = 1/9 times the original surface area.