用于查找两个已排序链表的交集的Python程序
给定两个按升序排序的列表,创建并返回一个表示两个列表交集的新列表。新列表应该用它自己的内存来创建——原始列表不应该改变。
例子:
Input:
First linked list: 1->2->3->4->6
Second linked list be 2->4->6->8,
Output: 2->4->6.
The elements 2, 4, 6 are common in
both the list so they appear in the
intersection list.
Input:
First linked list: 1->2->3->4->5
Second linked list be 2->3->4,
Output: 2->3->4
The elements 2, 3, 4 are common in
both the list so they appear in the
intersection list.
方法:使用虚拟节点。
方法:
这个想法是在结果列表的开头使用一个临时虚拟节点。指针尾始终指向结果列表中的最后一个节点,因此可以轻松添加新节点。虚拟节点最初给尾巴一个指向的内存空间。这个虚拟节点是有效的,因为它只是临时的,并且是在堆栈中分配的。循环继续,从“a”或“b”中删除一个节点并将其添加到尾部。当遍历给定列表时,结果是虚拟的。接下来,因为这些值是从虚拟的下一个节点分配的。如果两个元素相等,则删除两者并将元素插入尾部。否则删除两个列表中较小的元素。
下面是上述方法的实现:
Python3
# Python program to implement
# the above approach
# Link list node
class Node:
def __init__(self):
self.data = 0
self.next = None
''' This solution uses the temporary
dummy to build up the result list '''
def sortedIntersect(a, b):
dummy = Node()
tail = dummy;
dummy.next = None;
''' Once one or the other
list runs out -- we're done '''
while (a != None and b != None):
if (a.data == b.data):
tail.next = push((tail.next),
a.data);
tail = tail.next;
a = a.next;
b = b.next;
# Advance the smaller list
elif(a.data < b.data):
a = a.next;
else:
b = b.next;
return (dummy.next);
''' UTILITY FUNCTIONS '''
''' Function to insert a node at
the beginning of the linked list '''
def push(head_ref, new_data):
# Allocate node
new_node = Node()
# Put in the data
new_node.data = new_data;
# Link the old list off the new node
new_node.next = (head_ref);
# Move the head to point to the
# new node
(head_ref) = new_node;
return head_ref
''' Function to print nodes in
a given linked list '''
def printList(node):
while (node != None):
print(node.data, end = ' ')
node = node.next;
# Driver code
if __name__=='__main__':
# Start with the empty lists
a = None;
b = None;
intersect = None;
''' Let us create the first sorted
linked list to test the functions
Created linked list will be
1.2.3.4.5.6 '''
a = push(a, 6);
a = push(a, 5);
a = push(a, 4);
a = push(a, 3);
a = push(a, 2);
a = push(a, 1);
''' Let us create the second sorted
linked list. Created linked list
will be 2.4.6.8 '''
b = push(b, 8);
b = push(b, 6);
b = push(b, 4);
b = push(b, 2);
# Find the intersection two linked lists
intersect = sortedIntersect(a, b);
print("Linked list containing common items of a & b ");
printList(intersect);
# This code is contributed by rutvik_56.
输出:
Linked list containing common items of a & b
2 4 6
复杂性分析:
- 时间复杂度: O(m+n) 其中 m 和 n 分别是第一个和第二个链表中的节点数。
只需要遍历一次列表。 - 辅助空间: O(min(m, n))。
输出列表最多可以存储 min(m,n) 个节点。
有关详细信息,请参阅有关两个排序链表的交集的完整文章!