统计学是数学的一个分支,处理大量数值数据的收集、分析、解释和呈现。它基本上是定量数据的集合。
统计类型 –
- 理论统计
- 应用统计
1. 描述性统计:
描述性统计是一个术语,用于分析数据,有助于以有意义的方式描述、显示和总结数据。这是描述我们数据的一种简单方法。描述性统计对于使用数值计算或图形或表格呈现我们的原始数据无效/有意义的方式非常重要。这种类型的统计适用于已知数据。
描述性统计的类型 –
- 中心趋势的测量
- 变异性度量
2. 推论统计:
在推理统计中,通过获取您感兴趣的任何数据组来进行预测。它可以定义为从总体中抽取的随机数据样本,用于描述和推断总体。任何包含您感兴趣的所有数据的数据组都称为人口。它基本上允许您通过抽取小样本而不是对整个人口进行预测来进行预测。
描述性和推断性统计之间的区别:
S.No. | Descriptive Statistics | Inferential Statistics |
---|---|---|
1. | It gives information about raw data which describes the data in some manner. | It makes inference about population using data drawn from the population. |
2. | It helps in organizing, analyzing and to present data in a meaningful manner. | It allows us to compare data, make hypothesis and predictions. |
3. | It is used to describe a situation. | It is used to explain the chance of occurrence of an event. |
4. | It explain already known data and limited to a sample or population having small size. | It attempts to reach the conclusion about the population. |
5. | It can be achieved with the help of charts, graphs, tables etc. | It can be achieved by probability. |