逆变分公式
反比例是一种比例,其中一个数量下降而另一个数量增加,反之亦然。这意味着如果一个项目的数量或绝对值下降,另一个数量的数量或绝对值会增加,并且它们的乘积保持不变。该乘积也称为比例常数。
如果两个非零数的乘积提供了一个常数项,则称它们为逆变化(比例常数)。换句话说,当一个变量与另一个量的倒数成正比时,就会发生逆变化。这表明一个数量的增加导致另一个数量的减少,而一个数量的下降导致另一个数量的增加。假设 x 和 y 是逆变化的,如果 x = 20 和 y = 10,它们的乘积为 200。如果 x 减小到 10,则 y 增大到 20,以保持 200 的乘积不变。
逆变分公式
当两个量 x 和 y 遵循逆变化时,它们表示如下:
xy = k
这里,k 是比例常数。此外,x ≠ 0 和 y ≠ 0。
推导
Proportionality is denoted by the symbol “∝”.
When two quantities, x and y, exhibit inverse variation, they are expressed as x ∝ 1/y or y ∝ 1/x.
A constant or proportionality coefficient must be included to transform this expression into an equation. As a result, the formula for inverse variation becomes as below:
x = k/y or y = k/x, where k is the proportionality constant.
Rearranging the terms in either of the equations, we get
=> xy = k
This derives the inverse variation formula.
逆变化的乘积法则
Let us take two quantities x1 and y1 inversely proportional to each other. The required relation is,
=> x1y1 = k ⇢ (1)
For another two quantities x2 and y2 inversely proportional to each other, the required relation is,
=> x2y2 = k ⇢ (2)
Using (1) and (2),
x1y1 = x2y2
This is known as the product rule for inverse variation.
逆变化图
矩形双曲线是逆变化图。如果两个量 x 和 y 呈逆变化,则它们的乘积等于常数 k。因为 x 和 y 都不能为 0,所以图形永远不会穿过 x 轴或 y 轴。以下是xy = k的逆变化图:
让我们看一些例子来更好地理解逆变化公式的概念。
示例问题
问题 1:假设 x 和 y 成反比,当 x = 4 时,y = 18。求 x = 6 时 y 的值。
解决方案:
Find the constant of proportionality for x = 4 and y = 18.
k = xy = 4 (18) = 72
Find y for x = 6 and k = 72.
y = k/x
= 72/6
= 12
问题 2:假设 x 和 y 成反比,使得当 x = 1 时,则 y = 6。求 x = 3 时 y 的值。
解决方案:
Find the constant of proportionality for x = 1 and y = 6.
k = xy = 1 (6) = 6
Find y for x = 3 and k = 6.
y = k/x
= 6/3
= 2
问题 3:假设 x 和 y 成反比,使得当 x = 6 时,y = 16。求 x = 8 时 y 的值。
解决方案:
Find the constant of proportionality for x = 6 and y = 16.
k = xy = 6 (16) = 96
Find y for x = 8 and k = 96.
y = k/x
= 96/8
= 12
问题 4:假设 x 和 y 成反比,使得当 x = 1 时,则 y = 2。求 x = 4 时 y 的值。
解决方案:
Find the constant of proportionality for x = 1 and y = 2.
k = xy = 1 (2) = 2
Find y for x = 4 and k = 2.
y = k/x
= 2/4
= 1/2
问题 5:假设 x 和 y 成反比,当 x = 6 时,y = 36。求 x = 18 时 y 的值。
解决方案:
Find the constant of proportionality for x = 6 and y = 36.
k = xy = 6 (36) = 216
Find y for x = 18 and k = 216.
y = k/x
= 216/18
= 12
问题 6:假设 x 和 y 成反比,使得当 x = 2 时,y = 9。求 x = 3 时 y 的值。
解决方案:
Find the constant of proportionality for x = 2 and y = 9.
k = xy = 2 (9) = 18
Find y for x = 3 and k = 18.
y = k/x
= 18/3
= 6
问题 7:假设 x 和 y 成反比,当 x = 30 时,y = 8。求 x = 40 时 y 的值。
解决方案:
Find the constant of proportionality for x = 30 and y = 8.
k = xy = 30 (8) = 240
Find y for x = 40 and k = 240.
y = k/x
= 240/40
= 6