📜  用于数组平衡索引的 Python3 程序

📅  最后修改于: 2022-05-13 01:54:59.465000             🧑  作者: Mango

用于数组平衡索引的 Python3 程序

数组的平衡索引是这样一个索引,使得较低索引处的元素之和等于较高索引处的元素之和。例如,在数组 A 中:

例子 :

写一个函数int balance(int[] arr, int n) ;给定大小为 n 的序列 arr[],返回平衡索引(如果有),如果不存在平衡索引,则返回 -1。

方法一(简单但低效)
使用两个循环。外循环遍历所有元素,内循环确定外循环选取的当前索引是否为平衡索引。该解决方案的时间复杂度为 O(n^2)。

Python3
# Python program to find equilibrium 
# index of an array
  
# function to find the equilibrium index
def equilibrium(arr):
    leftsum = 0
    rightsum = 0
    n = len(arr)
  
    # Check for indexes one by one 
    # until an equilibrium index is found
    for i in range(n):
        leftsum = 0
        rightsum = 0
      
        # get left sum
        for j in range(i):
            leftsum += arr[j]
          
        # get right sum
        for j in range(i + 1, n):
            rightsum += arr[j]
          
        # if leftsum and rightsum are same,
        # then we are done
        if leftsum == rightsum:
            return i
      
    # return -1 if no equilibrium index is found
    return -1
              
# driver code
arr = [-7, 1, 5, 2, -4, 3, 0]
print (equilibrium(arr))
  
# This code is contributed by Abhishek Sharama


Python3
# Python program to find the equilibrium
# index of an array
  
# function to find the equilibrium index
def equilibrium(arr):
  
    # finding the sum of whole array
    total_sum = sum(arr)
    leftsum = 0
    for i, num in enumerate(arr):
          
        # total_sum is now right sum
        # for index i
        total_sum -= num
          
        if leftsum == total_sum:
            return i
        leftsum += num
       
      # If no equilibrium index found, 
      # then return -1
    return -1
      
# Driver code
arr = [-7, 1, 5, 2, -4, 3, 0]
print ('First equilibrium index is ',
       equilibrium(arr))
  
# This code is contributed by Abhishek Sharma


Python3
# Python program to find the equilibrium
# index of an array
  
# Function to find the equilibrium index
def equilibrium(arr):
    left_sum = []
    right_sum = []
  
    # Iterate from 0 to len(arr)
    for i in range(len(arr)):
  
        # If i is not 0
        if(i):
            left_sum.append(left_sum[i-1]+arr[i])
            right_sum.append(right_sum[i-1]+arr[len(arr)-1-i])
        else:
            left_sum.append(arr[i])
            right_sum.append(arr[len(arr)-1])
  
    # Iterate from 0 to len(arr)    
    for i in range(len(arr)):
        if(left_sum[i] == right_sum[len(arr) - 1 - i ]):
            return(i)
            
    # If no equilibrium index found,then return -1
    return -1
  
  
# Driver code
arr = [-7, 1, 5, 2, -4, 3, 0]
print('First equilibrium index is ',
      equilibrium(arr))
  
# This code is contributed by Lokesh Sharma


输出
3

时间复杂度: O(n^2)

方法2(棘手且高效)
这个想法是首先获得数组的总和。然后遍历数组并不断更新初始化为零的左和。在循环中,我们可以通过将元素一一相减得到正确的和。感谢 Sambasiva 提出这个解决方案并为此提供代码。

1) Initialize leftsum  as 0
2) Get the total sum of the array as sum
3) Iterate through the array and for each index i, do following.
    a)  Update sum to get the right sum.  
           sum = sum - arr[i] 
       // sum is now right sum
    b) If leftsum is equal to sum, then return current index. 
       // update leftsum for next iteration.
    c) leftsum = leftsum + arr[i]
4) return -1 
// If we come out of loop without returning then
// there is no equilibrium index

下图显示了上述方法的试运行:

下面是上述方法的实现:

Python3

# Python program to find the equilibrium
# index of an array
  
# function to find the equilibrium index
def equilibrium(arr):
  
    # finding the sum of whole array
    total_sum = sum(arr)
    leftsum = 0
    for i, num in enumerate(arr):
          
        # total_sum is now right sum
        # for index i
        total_sum -= num
          
        if leftsum == total_sum:
            return i
        leftsum += num
       
      # If no equilibrium index found, 
      # then return -1
    return -1
      
# Driver code
arr = [-7, 1, 5, 2, -4, 3, 0]
print ('First equilibrium index is ',
       equilibrium(arr))
  
# This code is contributed by Abhishek Sharma
输出
First equilibrium index is 3

输出:
第一个均衡指数是 3

时间复杂度: O(n)

方法3:

这是一种非常简单直接的方法。这个想法是两次获取数组的前缀和。一次来自阵列的前端,另一个来自阵列的后端。

在获取两个前缀和后,运行一个循环并检查一些 i,如果一个数组的前缀和都等于第二个数组的前缀和,那么该点可以被认为是平衡点。

Python3

# Python program to find the equilibrium
# index of an array
  
# Function to find the equilibrium index
def equilibrium(arr):
    left_sum = []
    right_sum = []
  
    # Iterate from 0 to len(arr)
    for i in range(len(arr)):
  
        # If i is not 0
        if(i):
            left_sum.append(left_sum[i-1]+arr[i])
            right_sum.append(right_sum[i-1]+arr[len(arr)-1-i])
        else:
            left_sum.append(arr[i])
            right_sum.append(arr[len(arr)-1])
  
    # Iterate from 0 to len(arr)    
    for i in range(len(arr)):
        if(left_sum[i] == right_sum[len(arr) - 1 - i ]):
            return(i)
            
    # If no equilibrium index found,then return -1
    return -1
  
  
# Driver code
arr = [-7, 1, 5, 2, -4, 3, 0]
print('First equilibrium index is ',
      equilibrium(arr))
  
# This code is contributed by Lokesh Sharma
输出
First Point of equilibrium is at index 3

时间复杂度: O(N)

空间复杂度: O(N)

有关详细信息,请参阅有关数组的 Equilibrium index 的完整文章!