Python Arcade – 显示分数

在本文中，我们将学习如何在Python中的 Arcade 中显示分数。

显示分数

在这个例子中，我们将简单地在屏幕上显示我们的分数，我们将增加每个玩家跳跃的分数。为此，我们将使用一些函数：

draw_text()：该函数用于使用 Pyglet 的标签在屏幕上绘制文本。

Syntax: arcade.draw_text(text, x, y, color, size, width, align, font_name)

Parameters:

• text: Text we want to display
• x : x coordinate
• y : y coordinate
• color : color of the text
• size : Size of the font
• width : Width of the text
• align : Alignment of the text
• font_name : Name of the font

Camera()： Camera 类用于控制可见视口。

Syntax: arcade.Camera( width , height, window)

Parameters:

• width: width of the viewport
• height: height of the viewport
• window: Window to associate with this camera

Scene()：表示场景对象的类。

Syntax: arcade.Scene(sprite_lists , name_mapping)

Parameters:

• sprite_lists: A list of SpriteList objects
• name_mapping: A dictionary of SpriteList objects

PhysicsEnginePlatformer()：用于平台游戏的简单物理引擎。

Syntax: arcade.PhysicsEnginePlatformer( player_sprite , platforms, gravity, ladders)

Parameters:

• player_sprite: sprite of the player
• platforms: The sprites it can’t move through
• gravity: Downward acceleration per frame
• ladders: Ladders the user can climb on

使用的精灵（）：

在下面的示例中，我们将创建一个 MainGame() 类。首先在这个类中，我们将初始化一些变量，用于速度、相机、分数、级别和玩家的精灵，然后我们将在这个类中创建 6 个函数。

• on_draw()：在这个函数，我们将使用我们的相机在屏幕上绘制场景和我们的分数文本。
• setup()：在这个函数，我们将初始化我们的相机和场景对象，然后我们将加载我们的播放器和平台的精灵。之后，我们将调用 PhysicsEnginePlatformer()函数。
• on_update()：在这个函数，我们将更新玩家的精灵、相机和物理引擎的 x 坐标。我们还将在此函数更改我们的级别。
• on_key_press()和 on_key_release()：在这个函数，我们将根据按下或释放的键盘键来改变速度变量的值。如果玩家按下向上箭头键，那么我们将增加分数的值。
• camera_move()：在这个函数，我们将根据玩家当前的位置移动我们的相机。

下面是实现：

Python3

# Importing arcade module
import arcade
  
# Creating MainGame class
class MainGame(arcade.Window):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(600, 600,
                         title="Player Movement")
  
        # Initializing a variable to store
        # the velocity of the player
        self.vel_x = 0
  
        # Creating variable for Camera
        self.camera = None
  
        # Creating variable to store current score
        self.score = 0
  
        # Creating scene object
        self.scene = None
  
        # Creating variable to store player sprite
        self.player = None
  
        # Creating variable for our game engine
        self.physics_engine = None
  
    # Creating on_draw() function to draw on the screen
    def on_draw(self):
        arcade.start_render()
  
        # Drawing the text
        arcade.draw_text('Score :- '+str(self.score), 
                         self.player_sprite.center_x - 500 / 2,
                         self.player_sprite.center_y + 200,
                         arcade.color.WHITE, 30, 5000, 'left')
  
        # Using the camera
        self.camera.use()
        # Drawing our scene
        self.scene.draw()
  
    def setup(self):
        
         # Initialize Scene object
        self.scene = arcade.Scene()\
          
        # Using Camera() function
        self.camera = arcade.Camera(600, 600)
  
        # Creating different sprite lists
        self.scene.add_sprite_list("Player")
        self.scene.add_sprite_list("Platforms",
                                   use_spatial_hash=True)
  
        # Adding player sprite
        self.player_sprite = arcade.Sprite("Player.png", 1)
  
        # Adding coordinates for the center of the sprite
        self.player_sprite.center_x = 64
        self.player_sprite.center_y = 60
  
        # Adding Sprite in our scene
        self.scene.add_sprite("Player", self.player_sprite)
  
        # Adding platform sprite according to level
        platform = arcade.Sprite(f"Platform.png", 1)
          
        # Adding coordinates for the center of the platform
        platform.center_x = 300
        platform.center_y = 32
        self.scene.add_sprite("Platforms", platform)
  
        # Creating Physics engine
        self.physics_engine = arcade.PhysicsEnginePlatformer(
            self.player_sprite, self.scene.get_sprite_list("Platforms"), 0.5
        )
  
    # Creating on_update function to
    # update the x coordinate
    def on_update(self, delta_time):
  
        # Changing x coordinate of player
        self.player_sprite.center_x += self.vel_x * delta_time
          
        # Updating the physics engine to move the player
        self.physics_engine.update()
  
        # Calling the camera_move function
        self.camera_move()
  
    # Creating function to change the velocity
    # when button is pressed
  
    def on_key_press(self, symbol, modifier):
  
        # Checking the button pressed
        # and changing the value of velocity
        if symbol == arcade.key.LEFT:
            self.vel_x = -300
        elif symbol == arcade.key.RIGHT:
            self.vel_x = 300
        elif symbol == arcade.key.UP:
            if self.physics_engine.can_jump():
                self.player_sprite.change_y = 15
                  
                # Increasing the score
                self.score += 10
  
    # Creating function to change the velocity
    # when button is released
  
    def on_key_release(self, symbol, modifier):
  
        # Checking the button released
        # and changing the value of velocity
        if symbol == arcade.key.LEFT:
            self.vel_x = 0
        elif symbol == arcade.key.RIGHT:
            self.vel_x = 0
  
    def camera_move(self):
  
        # Getting the x coordinate for the center of camera
        screen_x = self.player_sprite.center_x - \
            (self.camera.viewport_width / 2)
  
        # Getting the y coordinate for the center of camera
        screen_y = self.player_sprite.center_y - \
            (self.camera.viewport_height / 2)
  
        # Moving the camera
        self.camera.move_to([screen_x, screen_y])
  
# Calling MainGame class
game = MainGame()
game.setup()
arcade.run()

输出：

重置分数

在这个例子中，每当玩家从平台跌落并从起始位置重新开始游戏时，我们将把分数重置为 0。为此，我们将简单地在 on_update()函数添加以下几行。

if self.player_sprite.center_y < -20:
   self.score = 0
   self.setup()

如果玩家从平台上掉下来，则将 score 变量的值设置为 0 并调用我们的 setup()函数以重新启动游戏。

下面是实现：

蟒蛇3

# Importing arcade module
import arcade
  
# Creating MainGame class
class MainGame(arcade.Window):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(600, 600,
                         title = "Score")
  
        # Initializing a variable to store
        # the velocity of the player
        self.vel_x = 0
  
        # Creating variable for Camera
        self.camera = None
  
        # Creating variable to store current score
        self.score = 0
  
        # Creating scene object
        self.scene = None
  
        # Creating variable to store player sprite
        self.player = None
  
        # Creating variable for our game engine
        self.physics_engine = None
  
    # Creating on_draw() function to draw on the screen
    def on_draw(self):
        arcade.start_render()
  
        # Drawing the text
        arcade.draw_text('Score :- '+str(self.score),
                         self.player_sprite.center_x -500 / 2,
                         self.player_sprite.center_y +200,
                         arcade.color.WHITE,30,5000,'left')
  
        # Using the camera
        self.camera.use()
        # Drawing our scene
        self.scene.draw()
  
    def setup(self):
        
         # Initialize Scene object
        self.scene = arcade.Scene()
          
        # Using Camera() function
        self.camera = arcade.Camera(600, 600)
  
        # Creating different sprite lists
        self.scene.add_sprite_list("Player")
        self.scene.add_sprite_list("Platforms",
                                   use_spatial_hash=True)
  
        # Adding player sprite
        self.player_sprite = arcade.Sprite("Player.png", 1)
  
        # Adding coordinates for the center of the sprite
        self.player_sprite.center_x = 64
        self.player_sprite.center_y = 60
  
        # Adding Sprite in our scene
        self.scene.add_sprite("Player", self.player_sprite)
  
        # Adding platform sprite according to level
        platform = arcade.Sprite(f"Platform.png", 1)
          
        # Adding coordinates for the center of the platform
        platform.center_x = 300
        platform.center_y = 32
        self.scene.add_sprite("Platforms", platform)
  
        # Creating Physics engine
        self.physics_engine = arcade.PhysicsEnginePlatformer(
            self.player_sprite, self.scene.get_sprite_list("Platforms"), 0.5
        )
  
    # Creating on_update function to
    # update the x coordinate
    def on_update(self, delta_time):
  
        # Changing x coordinate of player
        self.player_sprite.center_x += self.vel_x * delta_time
          
        # Updating the physics engine to move the player
        self.physics_engine.update()
  
        # Setting the score to 0 whenever
        # player falss from the platform
        if self.player_sprite.center_y < -20:
            self.score = 0
            self.setup()
  
        # Calling the camera_move function
        self.camera_move()
          
    # Creating function to change the velocity
    # when button is pressed
    def on_key_press(self, symbol, modifier):
  
        # Checking the button pressed
        # and changing the value of velocity
        if symbol == arcade.key.LEFT:
            self.vel_x = -300
        elif symbol == arcade.key.RIGHT:
            self.vel_x = 300
        elif symbol == arcade.key.UP:
            if self.physics_engine.can_jump():
                self.player_sprite.change_y = 15
                  
                # Increasing the score
                self.score += 10
  
  
    # Creating function to change the velocity
    # when button is released
    def on_key_release(self, symbol, modifier):
  
        # Checking the button released
        # and changing the value of velocity
        if symbol == arcade.key.LEFT:
            self.vel_x = 0
        elif symbol == arcade.key.RIGHT:
            self.vel_x = 0
  
    def camera_move(self):
        
        # Getting the x coordinate for the center of camera
        screen_x = self.player_sprite.center_x - \
            (self.camera.viewport_width / 2)
          
        # Getting the y coordinate for the center of camera
        screen_y = self.player_sprite.center_y - \
            (self.camera.viewport_height / 2)
  
        # Moving the camera
        self.camera.move_to([screen_x, screen_y])
  
# Calling MainGame class
game = MainGame()
game.setup()
arcade.run()

输出：