氯化铵配方 - 结构、性质、用途、示例问题
由不同元素的原子以特定比例组合而成的化合物称为化合物。这些类型的原子通过化学键连接。所有化合物在元素之间都有固定的比例。这些类型的元素结合在一起如此强烈,以至于该化合物的行为就像一种物质。它可以是液体的形式,例如水,它是由氢原子和氧原子粘在一起制成的。这可以是固体形式,例如由钠原子和氯原子粘在一起制成的氯化钠。
氯化铵配方
氯化铵是一种无机化合物,化学式为NH 4 Cl 。氯化铵也称为氯化铵,是氨和氯化氢的盐。
它是碳酸钠的副产品,同时具有利尿和祛痰作用。它以结晶盐的形式出现,氯化铵在其纯净形式中是白色的。这种化合物是弱酸性和高度水溶性的。在兽医学中,氯化铵用于预防绵羊、山羊和牛的尿路结石。
Note: When ammonium sulfate solutions react with NaCl, NH4Cl is produced.
当 5% 的氯化铵溶液与水混合时,所得溶液的 pH 值范围为 4.6 至 6.0。它是一种可在身体和尿液中发现的酸化盐。这种形成酸的盐还具有祛痰作用,可通过刺激粘膜来缓解咳嗽,
氯化铵的性质Properties Value Chemical formula NH4Cl Molar mass 53.491 g/mol Color ODOURLESS Density 1.53 g/cm³ Melting point 338°C Boiling point 520°C Solubility Highly soluble in water
氯化铵的结构
氯化铵的制备
氯化铵是通过氨 (NH3) 与氯化氢反应制备的。
NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl
这也是索尔维工艺的副产品。在这个过程中,二氧化碳和氨被通入冷的饱和氯化钠溶液中。
CO2 + 2 NH3 + 2NaCl + H2O → 2 NH4Cl + Na2CO3
化学性质
- 氯化铵分解时产生氨气和氯化氢。
NH4Cl → NH3 + HCl
- 它还与氢氧化钠反应生成氨气。
NH4Cl + NaOH → NH3 + NaCl + H2O
- 生成氯化钠和氨气氯化铵也与碳酸钠反应。
2 NH4Cl + Na2CO3 → 2 NaCl + CO2 + H2O + 2 NH3
氯化铵的用途
- 氯化铵作为氮源用于肥料,并在水稻和小麦作物中大量使用。
- 它在医学上用作祛痰药,特别是在咳嗽药中。它有助于减少恶心和呕吐。它也可用于诊断远端肾小管酸中毒。
- 它用于胶水,有助于粘合胶合板。
- 在水溶液中。用于 Leclanche 细胞
- 它用作面包制作中的食品添加剂作为酵母营养素。 Salmiak 是一种深色甜食,其中使用氯化铵调味。
- 氯化铵用作酸化剂。
- 氯化铵用于冷却浴以产生低温。
- 氯化铵与氨一起用作缓冲溶液。
- 氯化铵作为饲料补充剂给予牛。
概念问题
问题一:氯化铵的化学式是什么?
回答:
Ammonium Chloride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula of NH4Cl .
问题2:氯化铵对健康有什么影响?
回答:
It is not full risk free as its high dose can lead to higher blood pressure s well as can cause irritation , nausea and headache . It can also cause serious eye discomfort.
问题 3:氯化铵在哪里找到?
回答:
It is found in household products like shampoo, hair colour and bleach, body wash, facial cleanser, conditioner, hand wash, dishwash detergent as well as oil and salt. It is important for electrolytes .
问题 4:如何制备氯化铵?
回答:
Ammonium chloride is prepared by reaction of ammonia (NH3) with hydrogen chloride.
NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl
This is also formed as the by product of solvay process .In this process carbon dioxide and ammonia are passed into a cold saturated solution of sodium chloride.
CO2 + 2 NH3 + 2 NaCl + H2O → 2 NH4Cl + Na2CO3
问题5:氯化铵加热会发生什么?
回答:
When ammonium chloride is heated, It undergoes a decomposition reaction to yield ammonia and gaseous hydrogen chloride as the products. This process is also appear similar to sublimation processes, the change is chemical and not physical.
问题6:氯化铵和漂白剂混合物有什么作用?
回答:
When we will mix ammonium chloride and bleach it will release chloramine gas and Chloramine gas is toxic in nature then the exposure of chloramine gas causes irritation of eyes, nose, throat and lungs.
问题7:氨在农业中的基本用途是什么?
回答:
One of the main use of ammonia is its use in the agricultural industry as a fertilizer. Ammonia is waterless in nature (or sometimes by aqueous solutions or by ionic salts).
It is mixed with agricultural soils to increase nitrogen content in the soil and, also helpful in soil fertility which leads to higher crop yields and also of better crop quality. This compound is used for many important chemicals such as hydrazine and hydrogen cyanide.