百分比误差公式
百分比误差计算实际值和测量值之间的百分比差异。它告诉我们测量值与真实值的接近程度。用于测量的仪器可能存在轻微的制造误差,并且永远不能假设是准确的。对于这种问题,百分比错误有助于我们指定它在多大程度上是正确的。该百分比误差的公式由下式给出
Percent Error = (|Measured Value – Actual Value|/Actual Value) × 100
为了更好地理解公式,让我们看几个例子
问题 1:直线的实际长度是 8 厘米,当我们用比例尺测量时,它是 7 厘米(错误值),由于一些边际误差。百分比误差是多少?
解决方案:
Given,
Measured value = 7cm
Actual Value = 8cm
Percent error = (|Measured Value-Actual Value| / Actual Value) x 100
= (|7-8| / 8) x 100
= (|-1| / 8) x 100
= (1/8) x 100
= 12.5%
So percentage error is 12.5%
问题2:如果测量值为40cm,实际值为50cm,误差百分比是多少?
解决方案:
Given,
Measured value=40cm
Actual Value=50cm
Percent error = (|Measured Value-Actual Value| / Actual Value) x 100
= (|40-50| / 50) x 100
= (|-10| / 50) x 100
= (10/50) x 100
= 20%
So percentage error is 20%
问题 3:由于一些边际误差,秤错误地将值测量为 15 厘米。如果该值的实际测量值为 14 厘米,则找出百分比误差。
解决方案:
Given,
Measured value=15cm
Actual Value=14cm
Percent error= ( |Measured Value-Actual Value| / Actual Value ) x 100
= ( |15-14| / 14 ) x 100
= ( |1| / 14 ) x 100
= 100/14
= 7.14%
So percentage error is 7.14%
问题4:如果测量值为11cm,实际值为10cm,误差百分比是多少?
解决方案:
Given,
Measured value=11cm (wrongly measured)
Actual Value=10cm (Exact value)
Percent error= ( |Measured Value-Actual Value| / Actual Value ) x 100
= ( |11-10| / 10 ) x 100
= ( |1| / 10 ) x 100
= 100/10
= 10%
So percentage error is 10%
问题5:如果错误测量值为100cm,实际值为105cm,求百分比误差?
解决方案:
Given,
Wrongly Measured value=100cm
Actual Value=105cm
Percent error= (|Measured Value-Actual Value| / Actual Value) x 100
= (|100-105| / 105) x 100
= (|-5| / 105) x 100
= (5/105) x 100
= 100/21
= 4.76%
So percentage error for the above data is 4.76%