圆公式的扇形面积
扇形是圆的一部分,由它的两个半径和连接它们的圆弧界定。半圆代表半个圆,是圆中最常见的扇区。圆的扇形是由圆弧及其两个半径形成的圆的饼形截面。当圆的一段圆周(也称为圆弧)和两个半径在圆弧的两端相交时,就会产生一个扇形。
在上图中,小扇区是圆 OAXB 的部分,而大扇区是圆 OAYB 的部分。
扇区面积
圆的扇形面积是圆的边界扇形内占用的空间量。一个扇区总是从圆的中心开始。半圆同样是圆的一个扇形;在这种情况下,一个圆有两个大小相等的扇区。
公式
A = (θ/360°) × πr2
where,
θ is the sector angle subtended by the arcs at the center (in degrees),
r is the radius of the circle.
If the subtended angle θ is in radians, the area is given by, A = 1/2 × r2 × θ.
推导
Consider a circle with centre O and radius r, suppose OAPB is its sector and θ (in degrees) be the angle subtended by the arcs at the centre.
We know, area of the whole circular region is given by, πr².
If the subtended angle is of 360°, the area of the sector is equal to that of whole circle, that is, πr².
Apply unitary method to find the area of sector for any angle θ.
If the subtended angle is of 1°, the area of the sector is given by, πr²/360°.
Hence, when the angle is θ, the area of sector, OAPB = (θ/360°) × πr2
This derives the formula for area of a sector of a circle.
示例问题
问题 1. 如果扇形的角度为 30°,则求半径为 5 cm 的给定圆的扇形面积。
解决方案:
We have, r = 5 and θ = 30°.
Use the formula A = (θ/360°) × πr2 to find the area.
A = (30/360) × (22/7) × 52
= 550/840
= 0.65 sq. cm
问题 2。如果扇形的角度为 45°,则求半径为 9 cm 的给定圆的扇形面积。
解决方案:
We have, r = 9 and θ = 45°.
Use the formula A = (θ/360°) × πr2 to find the area.
A = (45/360) × (22/7) × 92
= 1782/56
= 31.82 sq. cm
问题 3. 求给定半径为 15 cm 的圆的扇形面积,如果扇形的角度是 π/2 弧度。
解决方案:
We have, r = 15 and θ = π/2.
Use the formula A = 1/2 × r2 × θ to find the area.
A = 1/2 × 152 × π/2
= 1/2 × 225 × 11/7
= 2475/14
= 176.78 sq. cm
问题 4. 如果扇形面积为 770 平方厘米,半径为 7 厘米,求圆心对角。
解决方案:
We have, r = 7 and A = 770.
Use the formula A = (θ/360°) × πr2 to find the value of θ.
=> 770 = (θ/360) × (22/7) × 72
=> 770 = (θ/360) × 154
=> θ/360 = 5
=> θ = 1800°
问题 5. 如果圆的扇形面积为 132 平方厘米,圆的中心角为 60°,求圆的面积。
解决方案:
We have, θ = 60° and A = 132.
Use the formula A = (θ/360°) × πr2 to find the value of θ.
=> 132 = (60/360) × (22/7) × r2
=> 132 = (1/6) × (22/7) × r2
=> r2 = 252
=> r = 15.87 cm
Now, Area of circle = πr2
= (22/7) × 15.87 ×15.87
= 5540.85/7
= 791.55 sq. cm