设 a(x, y), b(x, y,) 和 c(x, y) 是三个语句,变量 x 和 y 选自某个宇宙。考虑以下语句:
(∃x)(∀y)[(a(x, y) ∧ b(x, y)) ∧ ¬c(x, y)]
以下哪一项是它的等价物?
(A) (∀x)(∃y)[(a(x, y) ∨ b(x, y)) → c(x, y)]
(B) (∃x)(∀y)[(a(x, y) ∨ b(x, y)) ∧¬ c(x, y)]
(C) ¬ (∀x)(∃y)[(a(x, y) ∧ b(x, y)) → c(x, y)]
(D) ¬ (∀x)(∃y)[(a(x, y) ∨ b(x, y)) → c(x, y)]答案: (C)
解释:选项(C) 是
= ¬ (∀x)(∃y)[(a(x, y) ∧ b(x, y)) → c(x, y)]
= ¬ (∀x)(∃y)[ a∧ b → c ]
= ¬ (∀x)(∃y)[ (ab)’ + c]
= ∃ x ∀ y[ (ab)’ + c]’
= ∃ x ∀ y[ abc’ ]
= ∃ x ∀ y[ a ∧ b ∧ c ¬c]
这与给定的表达式相同。
(∃x)(∀y)[(a(x, y) ∧ b(x, y)) ∧ ¬c(x, y)]
这个问题的测验