乙酸乙酯配方 – 结构、性质、用途、示例问题
作为乙醇和乙酸的酯的有机化合物被定义为乙酸乙酯。乙酸乙酯广泛用作化学反应或制备中的溶剂。这就是它大规模生产的原因。乙酸乙酯也称为乙酸乙酯。它也缩写为 EtOAc。它是一种有机化合物,主要用作不同反应的溶剂。它由乙醇与乙酸直接酯化而成。它是将乙酸与过量的乙醇混合并加入少量硫酸的过程。它也缩写为 EtOAc。
在酯化反应时,酯基通过羧酸中的乙氧基取代羟基而形成。它还包含一个羰基,其中羰基的碳具有sp2杂化并具有三角平面几何形状。
乙酸乙酯的结构式和分子式
乙酸乙酯的分子式很容易记住,因为顾名思义,它含有乙基(CH 2 -CH 3或C 2 H 5 )和乙酸基(CH 3 COO)。
- 乙酸乙酯的扩展分子式为CH 3 COOCH 2 CH 3
- 乙酸乙酯C 4 H 8 O 2的化学式
- 乙酸乙酯CH 3 COOCH 2 CH 3的扩展配方
乙酸乙酯的物理性质Chemical Formula CH3COOC2H5 Condensed Formula C4H8O2 IUPAC name Ethyl ethanoate Molar Mass or Molecular weight 88.106gmol–1 Odor Fruity smell Density 0.902gcm–3 Boiling Point 77.1°C Volatility Highly volatile liquid Flammability Highly flammable Freezing point -83.6°C Physical state 1 atm Heat of combustion -10,110 Heat of decomposition Not pertinent
乙酸乙酯的化学性质
- 水解:乙酸乙酯与水反应生成乙醇和乙酸。
- 与氢氧化钠反应:乙酸乙酯或乙酸乙酯与氢氧化钠反应生成乙酸钠和乙醇。
CH3CO2C2H5 + NaOH —–> C2H5OH + CH3CO2Na
它高度易燃,通常存在于葡萄酒等酒精饮料中,也用作油漆、纤维素、橡胶等的有机溶剂。
乙酸乙酯的用途
它是一种非常有用的有机化合物。规模化生产乙酸乙酯本身就显示出其在工业中的重要性。让我们来看看乙酸乙酯的一些重要用途,
- 溶剂:乙酸乙酯主要用作化学实验室的溶剂和稀释剂,用于柱色谱和薄层色谱纯化化合物。
- 也用作制造油漆、清漆、清漆、清洗液、人造革、无烟粉、摄影胶片、人造丝等的溶剂。
- 乙酸乙酯在指甲油、指甲油去除剂、化妆品行业的香水中有着广泛的用途。
- 作为调味剂:乙酸乙酯在食品工业中用作调味剂。它具有甜美的果味,可为糖果、烘焙产品等带来果味,
- 脱咖啡因工艺:用于咖啡豆和茶叶的脱咖啡因。由于它是一种极性分子,因此它被证明是从咖啡豆中捕获极性咖啡因分子的良好溶剂,因为咖啡因分子与乙酸乙酯分子结合,咖啡因已从咖啡豆中去除。
- 乙酸乙酯在制药工业中被广泛用作萃取溶剂。
- 乙酸乙酯用作印刷油墨中的溶剂,其主要函数是溶解树脂并控制粘度和改变干燥速率。
- 乙酸乙酯因其甜味而被用于葡萄酒生产。
- 乙酸乙酯在某些包装材料中用作间接食品添加剂。
- 乙酸乙酯在纺织工业中用作清洁剂。
- 乙酸乙酯用作硝化纤维、油脂、清漆、漆墨、飞机涂料的良好溶剂,也用于生产无烟粉、人造革、照相胶卷和制版、人造丝等。
概念问题
问题一:乙酸乙酯的化学式和缩合式是什么?
回答:
- The Chemical Formula of Ethyl acetate is CH3COOC2H5
- The Condensed Formula of Ethyl acetate is C4H8O2
问题2:乙酸乙酯对健康有什么危害?
回答:
Many adverse effects are observed in humans due to overexposure to ethyl acetate,
- It can cause breathing problems because of the Inhalation of ethyl acetate to a toxic level.
- If ethyl acetate is taken in large amountsthen it can lead to a rapid release of acetic acid, which may cause acidosis and hepatocellular damage and prove to be life-threatening.
- It may cause irritation in the skin, eyes, throat, and nose due to Overexposure to ethyl acetate.
- In regular contact with ethyl acetate may cause the skin very dry as well as leading to cracking of the skin.
问题三:醋酸乙酯本质上是什么食物?
回答:
It is found in many fruits naturally such as in pineapples, and sweet oranges, and found in a very lower concentration in safflowers. It has also been not quantified in any particular amount or percentage present in several different foods, such as oxheart cabbages, agaves, chervils, peaches, cereal crops, radishes, fruit juices, beer, wine, spirits, etc.
问题4:乙酸乙酯有什么用?
回答:
Ethyl acetate is widely used as a solvent in paints, varnishes, perfumery, etc. Ethyl acetate is primarily used as a solvent and diluent in chemical laboratories for column and thin-layer chromatography to purify chemical compounds. It is also used as a solvent in making paints, lacquers, varnishes, cleaning liquids, artificial leather, smokeless powder, photographic films, artificial silk, etc. Ethyl acetate has a wide range of uses in nail polish, nail polish remover, perfumes in the Cosmetic Industry.
问题5:乙酸乙酯的沸点和冰点是多少?
回答:
- The boiling point of Ethyl acetate is 77.1°C
- The freezing point of ethyl acetate is -83.6 °C
问题 6:醋酸乙酯是否安全?
回答:
It is not safe to use Ethyl acetate in common as it s highly flammable in nature and this chemical component can seriously damaged internal organs if there is repeated or prolonged exposure to it .If ethyl acetate is taken in large amounts then it can lead to a rapid release of acetic acid, which may cause acidosis and hepatocellular damage and prove to be life-threatening.
问题 7:乙酸乙酯的 IUPAC 名称是什么?什么是水解?
回答:
Ethyl acetate IUPAC name is ethyl ethanoate, where “Ethyl part” comes from ethanol and “Ethanoate part” comes from ethanoic acid.
It is a chemical breakdown that involves breaking a bond and adding elements of water. HCl was present at the time of hyydrolysis, in this ester (ethyl acetate), hydrolysis with an alkali (sodium hydroxide). It is used to speed it up as a catalyst.