问题1.找到以下每个矩阵的转置:
(一世)
(ii)
(iii)
解决方案:
(i) Let A =
∴Transpose of A = A’ = AT =
(ii) Let A =
∴Transpose of A = A’ = AT =
(iii) Let A =
∴Transpose of A = A’ = AT =
问题2。如果A = 和B = 然后验证:
(i)(A + B)’= A’+ B’
(ii)(AB)’= A’- B’
解决方案:
(i) A+B =
L.H.S. = (A+B)’ =
R.H.S. = A’+B’ =
∴L.H.S = R.H.S.
Hence, proved.
(ii) A-B =
L.H.S. = (A-B)’
R.H.S. = A’-B’ =
∴ L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, proved.
问题3.如果A’= 和B = ,然后确认:
(i)(A + B)’= A’+ B’
(ii)(AB)’= A’-B’
解决方案:
Given A’=and B=
then, (A’)’ = A =
(i) A+B =
∴ L.H.S. = (A+B)’=
R.H.S.= A’+B’ =
∴ L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, proved.
(ii) A-B =
∴ L.H.S. = (A-B)’=
R.H.S.= A’-B’ =
∴ L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, proved.
问题4.如果A’= 和B = 然后找到(A + 2B)’。
解决方案:
Given: A’ =and B =
then (A’)’ =A=
Now, A+2B =
∴(A+2B)’ =
问题5.对于矩阵A和B,验证(AB)’= B’A’,其中
(i)A = 和B =
(ii)A = 和B =
解决方案:
(i) AB = =
∴ L.H.S. = (AB)′ =
R.H.S.= B′A’ =
∴ L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, proved.
(ii) AB =
∴ L.H.S. = (AB)′ =
Now, R.H.S.=B’A’ =
∴ L.H.S. = R.H.S.
Hence, proved.
问题6.如果(i)A = ,然后验证A’A =I。
(ii)A = ,然后验证A’A =I。
解决方案:
(i)
= I = R.H.S.
∴ L.H.S. = R.H.S.
(ii)
= I = R.H.S.
∴ L.H.S. = R.H.S.
问题7。(i)证明矩阵A =是一个对称矩阵。
(ii)证明矩阵A =是一个对称矩阵。
(i) Given: A =
Now, A’=
∵ A = A’
∴ A is a symmetric matrix.
(ii) Given: A =
Now, A’=
∵ A = A’
∴ A is a symmetric matrix.
问题8。对于矩阵A = ,请确认:
(i)(A + A’)是一个对称矩阵
(ii)(A – A’)是斜对称矩阵
解决方案:
(i) Given: A =
Let B = (A+A’) =
Now, B’ = (A+A’)’ =
∵ B = B’
∴ B=(A+A’) is a symmetric matrix.
(ii) Given: A =
Let B = (A-A’) =
Now, B’ = (A-A’)’ =
∵ -B = B’
∴ B=(A-A’) is a skew symmetric matrix.
问题9。当A =时,找到1/2(A + A’)和1/2(AA’) 。
解决方案:
Given: A =
∴ A’ =
Now, A+A’ = +
Now, A-A’ =
问题10:将以下矩阵表示为对称矩阵和偏斜对称矩阵的总和:
(一世)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
解决方案:
(i) Given : A =
⇒ A’=
Let P =
and Q =
Now, P =…..(1)
& P’ =
∵ P=P’
∴ P is a symmetric matrix.
Now, Q =…..(2)
& Q’ =
∵ -Q=Q’
∴ Q is a skew symmetric matrix.
By adding (1) and (2), we get,
Therefore, A =P + Q
(ii) Given :
⇒ A’=
P =
…..(1)
Q =
……(2)
By adding (1) and (2), we get,
\begin{bmatrix}0 & 0 & 0\\0 & 0 & 0\\0 & 0 & 0\end{bmatrix}
Therefore, A =P + Q
(iii) Given: A =
⇒ A’=
P = }…..(1)
Q = ……(2)
By adding (1) and (2), we get
}
Therefore, A =P + Q
(iv) Given: A =
⇒ A’=
P =
…..(1)
Q =
…..(2)
By adding (1) and (2), we get
Therefore, A =P + Q
问题11。如果A,B是相同阶的对称矩阵,则AB – BA是a
(A)偏对称矩阵(B)对称矩阵
(C)零矩阵(D)单位矩阵
解决方案:
Given: A and B are symmetric matrices.
⇒ A=A’
⇒ B=B’
Now, ( AB – BA)’ =(AB)’-(BA)’ [∵ (X-Y)’=X’-Y’]
=B’A’-A’B’ [∵ (XY)’=Y’X’]
=BA-AB [∵ Given]
= -(AB-BA)
∴(AB-BA) is a skew symmetric matrix.
∴ The option (A) is correct.
问题12.如果A = ,并且A + A’= I,则α的值为
(A)π/ 6(B)π/ 3
(C)π(D)3π/ 2
解决方案:
On comparing both sides, we get
2cosα = 1
⇒ cosα =
⇒ cosα = cos
⇒ α =
∴ The option (B) is correct.