Class 11 RD Sharma解决方案–第15章线性不等式–练习15.1 |套装1

问题1.解决：12x <50，当

(i)x∈R

解决方案：

Given: 12x < 50

Dividing both sides by 12, we get

12x/ 12 < 50/12

⇒ x < 25/6

When x is a real number, the solution of the given inequation is (-∞, 25/6).

(ii)x∈Z

解决方案：

Since, 4 < 25/6 < 5

So, when x is an integer, the maximum possible value of x is 4.

The solution of the given inequation is {…, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4}.

(iii)x∈N

解决方案：

Since 4 < 25/6 < 5

So, when x is a natural number, the maximum possible value of x is 4.

We know that the natural numbers start from 1.

Hence the solution of the given inequation is {1, 2, 3, 4}.

问题2。解决：− 4x> 30，当

(i)x∈R

解决方案：

Given: − 4x > 30

So when we divide by 4, we get

⇒ − 4x/4 > 30/4

⇒ − x > 15/2

⇒ x < – 15/2

When x is a real number, the solution of the given inequation is (-∞, −15/2).

(ii)x∈Z

解决方案：

Since, − 8 < − 15/2 < − 7

So, when x is an integer, the maximum possible value of x is − 8.

The solution of the given inequation is {…, –11, –10, − 9, −8}.

(iii)x∈N

解决方案：

As natural numbers start from 1 and can never be negative.

Hence when x is a natural number, the solution of the given inequation is ∅.

问题3.解决：4x-2 <8，何时

(i)x∈R

解决方案：

Given: 4x – 2 < 8

4x – 2 + 2 < 8 + 2

⇒ 4x < 10

So dividing by 4 on both sides we get,

4x/4 < 10/4

⇒ x < 5/2

When x is a real number, the solution of the given inequation is (-∞, 5/2).

(ii)x∈Z

解决方案：

Since, 2 < 5/2 < 3

So, when x is an integer, the maximum possible value of x is 2.

The solution of the given inequation is {…, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2}.

(iii)x∈N

解决方案：

Since, 2 < 5/2 < 3

So, when x is a natural number, the maximum possible value of x is 2.

We know that the natural numbers start from 1.

The solution of the given inequation is {1, 2}.

问题4：求解：3x – 7> x + 1

解决方案：

Given:

3x – 7 > x + 1

⇒ 3x – 7 + 7 > x + 1 + 7

⇒ 3x > x + 8

⇒ 3x – x > x + 8 – x

⇒ 2x > 8

Dividing both sides by 2, we get

2x/2 > 8/2

⇒ x > 4

∴ The solution of the given inequation is (4, ∞).

问题5：解决：x + 5> 4x – 10

解决方案：

Given: x + 5 > 4x – 10

⇒ x + 5 – 5 > 4x – 10 – 5

⇒ x > 4x – 15

⇒ 4x – 15 < x

⇒ 4x – 15 – x < x – x

⇒ 3x – 15 < 0

⇒ 3x – 15 + 15 < 0 + 15

⇒ 3x < 15

Dividing both sides by 3, we get

3x/3 < 15/3

⇒ x < 5

∴ The solution of the given inequation is (-∞, 5).

问题6：解决：3x + 9≥–x + 19

解决方案：

Given: 3x + 9 ≥ –x + 19

⇒ 3x + 9 – 9 ≥ –x + 19 – 9

⇒ 3x ≥ –x + 10

⇒ 3x + x ≥ –x + 10 + x

⇒ 4x ≥ 10

Dividing both sides by 4, we get

4x/4 ≥ 10/4

⇒ x ≥ 5/2

∴ The solution of the given inequation is [5/2, ∞).

问题7：解决：2(3 – x)≥x / 5 + 4

解决方案：

Given: 2 (3 – x) ≥ x/5 + 4

⇒ 6 – 2x ≥ x/5 + 4

⇒ 6 – 2x ≥ (x+20)/5

⇒ 5(6 – 2x) ≥ (x + 20)

⇒ 30 – 10x ≥ x + 20

⇒ 30 – 20 ≥ x + 10x

⇒ 10 ≥11x

⇒ 11x ≤ 10

Dividing both sides by 11, we get

11x/11 ≤ 10/11

⇒ x ≤ 10/11

∴ The solution of the given inequation is (-∞, 10/11].

问题8：解决： $\frac{3x - 2}{5}$ ≤ $\frac{4x - 3}{2}$

解决方案：

Given:$\frac{3x - 2}{5}$≤$\frac{4x - 3}{2}$

Multiplying both the sides by 5 we get,

$\frac{3x - 2}{5}$× 5 ≤$\frac{4x - 3}{2}$× 5

⇒ (3x – 2) ≤ 5(4x – 3)/2

⇒ 3x – 2 ≤ (20x – 15)/2

Multiplying both the sides by 2 we get,

(3x – 2) × 2 ≤ (20x – 15)/2 × 2

⇒ 6x – 4 ≤ 20x – 15

⇒ 20x – 15 ≥ 6x – 4

⇒ 20x – 15 + 15 ≥ 6x – 4 + 15

⇒ 20x ≥ 6x + 11

⇒ 20x – 6x ≥ 6x + 11 – 6x

⇒ 14x ≥ 11

Dividing both sides by 14, we get

14x/14 ≥ 11/14

⇒ x ≥ 11/14

∴ The solution of the given inequation is [11/14, ∞).

问题9.解决：–(x – 3)+ 4 <5 – 2x

解决方案：

Given: –(x – 3) + 4 < 5 – 2x

⇒ –x + 3 + 4 < 5 – 2x

⇒ –x + 7 < 5 – 2x

⇒ –x + 7 – 7 < 5 – 2x – 7

⇒ –x < –2x – 2

⇒ –x + 2x < –2x – 2 + 2x

⇒ x < –2

∴ The solution of the given inequation is (–∞, –2).

问题10：解决： $\frac{x}{5}$ < $\frac{3x-2}{4}$ – $\frac{5x-3}{5}$

解决方案：

Given:$\frac{x}{5}$<$\frac{3x-2}{4}$–$\frac{5x-3}{5}$

⇒$\frac{x}{5}$<$\frac{[5(3x-2) - 4(5x-3)]}{4(5)}$

⇒$\frac{x}{5}$<$\frac{[15x - 10 - 20x + 12]}{20}$

⇒$\frac{x}{5}$<$\frac{[2 - 5x]}{20}$

Multiplying both the sides by 20 we get,

$\frac{x}{5}$× 20 <$\frac{[2 - 5x]}{20}$× 20

⇒ 4x < 2 – 5x

⇒ 4x + 5x < 2 – 5x + 5x

⇒ 9x < 2

Divide both sides by 9, we get

9x/9 < 2/9

⇒ x < 2/9

∴ The solution of the given inequation is (-∞, 2/9).

问题11：解决： $\frac{[2(x-1)]}{5}$ ≤ $\frac{[3(2+x)]}{7}$

解决方案：

Given:$\frac{[2(x-1)]}{5}$≤$\frac{[3(2+x)]}{7}$

⇒$\frac{(2x - 2)}{5}$≤$\frac{(6 + 3x)}{7}$

Multiply both the sides by 5 we get,

$\frac{(2x - 2)}{5}$× 5 ≤$\frac{(6 + 3x)}{7}$× 5

⇒ 2x – 2 ≤$\frac{5(6 + 3x)}{7}$

⇒ 7 (2x – 2) ≤ 5 (6 + 3x)

⇒ 14x – 14 ≤ 30 + 15x

⇒ 14x – 14 + 14 ≤ 30 + 15x + 14

⇒ 14x ≤ 44 + 15x

⇒ 14x – 44 ≤ 44 + 15x – 44

⇒ 14x – 44 ≤ 15x

⇒ 15x ≥ 14x – 44

⇒ 15x – 14x ≥ 14x – 44 – 14x

⇒ x ≥ –44

∴ The solution of the given inequation is [–44, ∞).

问题12.解决：5x / 2 + 3x / 4≥39/4

解决方案：

Given: 5x/2 + 3x/4 ≥ 39/4

By taking LCM, we get:

$\frac{[2(5x)+3x]}{4}$≥ 39/4

⇒ 13x/4 ≥ 39/4

Multiplying both the sides by 4 we get,

13x/4 × 4 ≥ 39/4 × 4

⇒ 13x ≥ 39

Divide both sides by 13, we get

13x/13 ≥ 39/13

⇒ x ≥ 39/13

⇒ x ≥ 3

∴ The solution of the given inequation is [3, ∞).

问题13：解决： $\frac{(x - 1)}{3}$ + 4 < $\frac{(x - 5)}{5}$ – 2

解决方案：

Given:$\frac{(x - 1)}{3}$+ 4 <$\frac{(x - 5)}{5}$– 2

Subtracting both sides by 4 we get,

⇒$\frac{(x - 1)}{3}$+ 4 – 4 <$\frac{(x - 5)}{5}$– 2 – 4

⇒$\frac{(x - 1)}{3}$<$\frac{(x - 5)}{5}$– 6

⇒$\frac{(x - 1)}{3}$<$\frac{(x - 5 - 30)}{5}$

⇒$\frac{(x - 1)}{3}$<$\frac{(x - 35)}{5}$

After Cross multiplying, we get,

5 (x – 1) < 3 (x – 35)

⇒ 5x – 5 < 3x – 105

⇒ 5x – 5 + 5 < 3x – 105 + 5

⇒ 5x < 3x – 100

⇒ 5x – 3x < 3x – 100 – 3x

⇒ 2x < –100

Divide both sides by 2, we get

2x/2 < -100/2

⇒ x < -50

∴ The solution of the given inequation is (-∞, -50).

问题14：解决： $\frac{(2x + 3)}{4}$ – 3 < $\frac{(x - 4)}{3}$ – 2

解决方案：

Given:$\frac{(2x + 3)}{4}$– 3 <$\frac{(x - 4)}{3}$– 2

Adding 3 on both sides we get,

$\frac{(2x + 3)}{4}$– 3 + 3 <$\frac{(x - 4)}{3}$– 2 + 3

⇒$\frac{(2x + 3)}{4}$<$\frac{(x - 4)}{3}$+ 1

⇒$\frac{(2x + 3)}{4}$<$\frac{(x - 4 + 3)}{3}$

⇒$\frac{(2x + 3)}{4}$<$\frac{(x - 1)}{3}$

After Cross multiplying, we get,

3(2x + 3) < 4(x – 1)

⇒ 6x + 9 < 4x – 4

⇒ 6x + 9 – 9 < 4x – 4 – 9

⇒ 6x < 4x – 13

⇒ 6x – 4x < 4x – 13 – 4x

⇒ 2x < –13

Dividing both sides by 2, we get

2x/2 < -13/2

⇒ x < -13/2

∴ The solution of the given inequation is (-∞, -13/2).