令G为任意组。考虑以下关于G的关系:
- R 1 : ∀a, b∈G,aR 1 b当且仅当∃g∈G使得a = g -1 bg
- R 2 : ∀a,b∈G,aR 2 b当且仅当a = b -1
以上哪个是等价关系/关系?
(A) R 1和R 2
(B)仅R 1
(C)仅R 2
(D) R 1或R 2均不答案: (B)
说明:给定R 1是等价关系,因为它满足自反,对称和传递条件:
- 反身:通过将g = e满足a = g –1 ag,身份“ e”始终存在于一个组中。
- 对称的:
aRb ⇒ a = g–1bg for some g ⇒ b = gag–1 = (g–1)–1ag–1 g–1 always exists for every g ∈ G.
- 传递性:
aRb and bRc ⇒ a = g1–1bg1 and b = g2–1 cg2 for some g1g2 ∈ G. Now a = g1–1 g2–1 cg2g1 = (g2g1)–1 cg2g1 g1 ∈ G and g2 ∈ G ⇒ g2g1 ∈ G since group is closed so aRb and aRb ⇒ aRc
R 2不是等价的,因为它不满足等价关系的反身条件:
aR2a ⇒ a = a–1 ∀a which not be true in a group.
因此,选项(B)是正确的。
这个问题的测验