MRP和MRP II的区别

先决条件——ERP系统的演变

1.物料需求计划(MRP)：
开发于 1970 年代，任何组织需要时都会管理原材料，即公司需要哪些材料存储在数据库中。此外，它讲述了任何材料的短缺。物料需求计划是工业中广泛使用的生产计划和调度方法。

MRP 的函数是提供物料可用性，即用于按时生产所需数量。此过程涉及监控库存和需求，从而自动创建采购或生产采购建议。 MRP 的主要目标是确定需要哪种材料、所需数量以及何时需要。它是因素材料库存和强调实物资产。

2.制造资源计划(MRP II)：
制造资源计划于 1980 年代开发，是用于管理整个制造公司的闭环 MRP 的扩展。该系统提供了对所有职能领域都有用的信息，并鼓励跨职能互动。在这种情况下，属于制造单元的任务是自动化的或相关联的，以便最终增加产量。

它通过提供和订单承诺能力来支持销售和营销。它是一个基础广泛的资源协调系统，涉及公司其他领域的规划过程，如营销、财务和人力资源。

MRP和MRP II的区别：

MRP	MRP II
Stands for Material Requirements Planning.	Stands for Manufacturing Resource Planning.
Developed in 1970s.	Developed in 1980s.
Widely used approach for production planning and scheduling in industry.	Provides an information that is useful to all functional areas and encourages cross-functional interactions.
Aims at releasing and managing manufacturing orders and purchasing requisitions.	Aims to control relevant material flows and production capacity while also taking into account the relationship between these material flows and the required capacity.
MRP is simply about ensuring the materials which are available to manufacture a specific part in a specific volume.	It take care of all other aspects of a job including ordering, tracking inventory and ensuring capacity.
It takes inputs all in order to make sure you have the right amount of materials/labor/machinery on hand at any given time to satisfy the market or your company production goals.	MRP II uses additional data from accounting records and sales for further analysis and forecasting of manufacturing requirements.