从等式中消除 theta:tan θ – cot θ = a 和 cos θ + sin θ = b
三角学是一门数学学科,研究直角三角形的边长和角之间的关系。三角函数,也称为测角函数、角函数或圆函数,是建立角度与直角三角形的两条边之比之间关系的函数。六个主要的三角函数是正弦、余弦、正切、余切、正割或余割。
Angles defined by the ratios of trigonometric functions are known as trigonometry angles. Trigonometric angles represent trigonometric functions. The value of the angle can be anywhere between 0-360°.
如上图中的直角三角形所示:
- 斜边:与直角相对的边是斜边,它是直角三角形中最长的边,与90°角相对。
- 底:角 C 所在的一侧称为底。
- 垂直:考虑角度 C 的对边。
三角函数
三角函数有 6 个基本的三角函数,它们是正弦、余弦、正切、余割、正割和余切。现在让我们看看三角函数。六个三角函数如下,
- 正弦:它被定义为垂直和斜边的比率,它表示为 sin θ
- 余弦:定义为底边与斜边的比值,表示为 cos θ
- 正切:它被定义为一个角度的正弦和余弦之比。因此,切线的定义是垂直与底的比值,并表示为 tan θ
- cosecant:它是 sin θ 的倒数,表示为 cosec θ。
- 割线:它是 cos θ 的倒数,表示为 sec θ。
- cotangent:它是 tan θ 的倒数,表示为 cot θ。
根据上图,三角比是
Sin θ = Perpendicular / Hypotenuse = AB/AC
Cosine θ = Base / Hypotenuse = BC / AC
Tangent θ = Perpendicular / Base = AB / BC
Cosecant θ = Hypotenuse / Perpendicular = AC/AB
Secant θ = Hypotenuse / Base = AC/BC
Cotangent θ = Base / Perpendicular = BC/AB
互惠身份
Sin θ = 1/ Cosec θ OR Cosec θ = 1/ Sin θ
Cos θ = 1/ Sec θ OR Sec θ = 1 / Cos θ
Cot θ = 1 / Tan θ OR Tan θ = 1 / Cot θ
Cot θ = Cos θ / Sin θ OR Tan θ = Sin θ / Cos θ
Tan θ.Cot θ = 1
三角比值 0° 30° 45° 60° 90° Sin θ 0 1/2 1/√2 √3/2 1 Cos θ 1 √3/2 1/√2 1/2 0 Tan θ 0 1/√3 1 √3 Not Defined Sec θ Not Defined 2 √2 2/√3 1 Cosec θ 1 2/√3 √2 2 Not Defined Cot θ Not Defined √3 1 1/√3 0
补角和补角的三角恒等式
- 互补角:和等于90°的一对角
- 补角:和等于 180° 的一对角
互补角的恒等式是
sin (90° – θ) = cos θ
cos (90° – θ) = sin θ
tan (90° – θ) = cot θ
cot (90° – θ) = tan θ
sec (90° – θ) = cosec θ
cosec (90° – θ) = sec θ
补角的恒等式
sin (180° – θ) = sin θ
cos (180° – θ) = – cos θ
tan (180° – θ) = – tan θ
cot (180° – θ) = – cot θ
sec (180° – θ) = – sec θ
cosec (180° – θ) = – cosec θ
三角学象限
从等式中消除 theta:tan θ – cot θ = a 和 cos θ + sin θ = b
解决方案:
tan θ – cot θ = a ………. (1)
cos θ + sin θ = b ………. (2)
Squaring both sides of (2) we get,
(cos θ + sin θ)2 = (b)2
cos2 θ + sin2 θ + 2cos θ sin θ = b2 { sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1 }
1 + 2 cos θ sin θ = b2
2 cos θ sin θ = b2 – 1 ………. (3)
Again, from (1)
we get, (sin θ/cos θ) – (cos θ/sin θ) = a
(sin2 θ – cos2 θ)/(cos θ sin θ) = a
sin2θ – cos2θ = a sin θ cos θ
(sin θ + cos θ) (sin θ – cos θ) = a ∙ (b2 – 1)/2 ………. [by (3)]
b(sin θ – cos θ) = (½) a (b2 – 1) [by (2)]
b2 (sin θ – cos θ)2 = (1/4) a2 (b2 – 1)2 [Squaring both the sides]
b2 [(sin θ + cos θ)2 – 4 sinθ cos θ] = (1/4) a2 (b2 – 1)2
b2 [b2 – 2 ∙ (b2 – 1)] = (1/4) a2 (b2 – 1)2 [from (2) and (3)]
4b2 (2 – b2) = a2 (b2 – 1)2
which is the required θ-eliminate.
类似问题
问题 1:证明 (cos θ sec θ)/cot θ = tan θ
解决方案:
Here we have cos theta sec theta / cot theta = tan theta
Therefore { cos θ sec θ }/ cot θ = tan θ
By taking L.H.S
cos θ sec θ / cot θ
we can write cos θ sec θ as 1
= (cos θ sec θ )/cot θ
= 1/cot θ { Cos θ = 1/ Sec θ therefore Cos θ Sec θ = 1}
= tan θ { Tan θ = 1 / Cot θ }
Therefore LHS = RHS
{cos θ sec θ}/ cot θ = tan θ
Hence Proved
问题 2:证明 (1 – sin 2 θ) sec 2 θ = 1
解决方案:
We have (1 – sin2 θ )sec2 θ = 1
Take LHS
= (1 – sin2 θ )sec2 θ
= cos2 θ sec2 θ { 1 – sin2 θ = cos2 θ }
= cos2 θ (1/cos2θ) { sec θ = 1 /cos θ or sec2 θ = 1/cos2 θ }
= 1
= RHS
Therefore
(1 – sin2 θ)sec2 θ = 1
Hence Proved