第 11 类 RD Sharma 解决方案 - 第 10 章正弦和余弦公式及其应用 - 练习 10.1 |设置 2
问题 16:在△ABC中,证明如下:
a 2 (cos 2 B – cos 2 C) + b(cos 2 C – cos 2 A) + c(cos 2 A – cos 2 B) = 0
解决方案:
According to the sine rule
Considering LHS, we have
= a2 (cos2 B – cos2 C) + b(cos2 C – cos2 A) + c(cos2 A – cos2 B)
By using trigonometric formula,
cos2 a = 1 – sin2 a
= λ2 sin2 A(1-sin2 B – (1-sin2 C)) + λ2 sin2 B(1-sin2 C – (1-sin2 A)) + λ2 sin2 C(1-sin2 A – (1-sin2 B))
= λ2 sin2 A(1-sin2 B – 1+ sin2 C) + λ2 sin2 B(1-sin2 C – 1 + sin2 A) + λ2 sin2 C(1-sin2 A – 1+sin2 B)
= λ2 sin2 A(sin2 C – sin2 B) + λ2 sin2 B(sin2 A – sin2 C) + λ2 sin2 C(sin2 B – sin2 A)
= λ2 (sin2 A sin2 C – sin2 A sin2 B + sin2 B sin2 A – sin2 B sin2 C + sin2 C sin2 B – sin2 C sin2 A)
= λ2 (0)
=0
As LHS = RHS
Hence, proved!!
问题 17:在△ABC中,证明如下:
b cos B + c cos C = a cos (BC)
解决方案:
According to the sine rule
Considering LHS, we have
= b cos B + c cos C
= λ sin B cos B + λ sin C cos C
= λ (sin B cos B + sin C cos C)
=(2 sin B cos B + 2 sin C cos C)
By using trigonometric formula,
2 sin a cos a = sin 2a
=(sin 2B + sin 2C) ………………………..(1)
Now considering RHS, we have
= a cos (B-C)
= λ sin A cos (B-C)
=(2 sin A cos (B-C))
By using trigonometric formula,
2 sin a cos b = sin (a+b) + sin(a-b)
=(sin 2C + sin2B) ……………………….(2)
As LHS = RHS
Hence, proved!!
第十八题:在△ABC中,证明如下:
解决方案:
According to the sine rule
Considering LHS, we have
By using trigonometric formula,
cos 2a = 1-2sin2a
As LHS = RHS
Hence, proved!!
问题 19:在△ABC中,证明以下内容:
解决方案:
According to the sine rule
Considering LHS, we have
Now taking,
By using trigonometric formula,
cos a + cos b = 2 coscos
cos a – cos b = -2 sinsin
sin a + sin b = 2 sincos
By using trigonometric formula,
2 cossin= sin a – sin b
………………(1)
Similarly, we can prove,
……………….(2)
………………..(3)
Adding (1), (2) and (3), we get
= 0
As LHS = RHS
Hence, proved!!
第 20 题:在△ABC 中,证明如下:
解决方案:
According to the sine rule
Considering LHS, we have
Now taking,
=a cossin
=(sin B – sin C)
=(a sin B – a sin C)
=(a sin B – a sin C)
=(b sin A – a sin C) ………………..(1)
Similarly, we can prove,
bsin=(b sin C – b sin A) ……………….(2)
csin=(a sin C – b sin C) ………………..(3)
Adding (1), (2) and (3), we get
(b sin A – a sin C) +(b sin C – b sin A) +(a sin C – b sin C)
=(b sin A – a sin C + b sin C – b sin A + a sin C – b sin C)
= 0
As LHS = RHS
Hence, proved!!
问题 21:在△ABC中,证明如下:
解决方案:
According to the sine rule
Considering equation, we have
Now taking,
Similarly, we can prove,
From, (1), (2) and (3), we get
Hence, proved!!
问题 22:在△ABC中,证明如下:
a cos A + b cos B + c cos C = 2b sin A sin C = 2c sin A sin B
解决方案:
According to the sine rule
Considering LHS equation, we have
a cos A + b cos B + c cos C = λ sin A cos A + λ sin B cos B + λ sin C cos C
= λ (sin A cos A + sin B cos B + sin C cos C)
=(sin A cos A + sin B cos B + sin C cos C)
=(2 sin A cos A + 2 sin B cos B + 2 sin C cos C)
By using trigonometric formula,
2 sin a cos a = sin 2a
=(sin 2A + sin 2B + 2 sin C cos C)
By using trigonometric formula,
sin a + sin b = 2 sincos
=+ 2 sin C cos C)
=(2 sin (A+B) cos(A-B) + 2 sin C cos C)
=(2 sin (π-C) cos(A-B) + 2 sin C cos C)
=(2 sin C cos(A-B) + 2 sin C cos C)
=(cos(A-B) + cos C)
= λ sin C (cos(A-B) + cos (π-(A+B)))
= λ sin C (cos(A-B) + (-cos (A+B)))
= λ sin C (cos(A-B) – cos (A+B))
= λ sin C (2 sin A sin B)
= 2 λ sin A sin B sin C
Now putting λ sin C = c and λ sin B = b, we get
2 c sin A sin B and 2 b sin A sin C
Hence, proved!!
问题 23:在△ABC中,证明如下:
a (cos B cos C + cos A) = b (cos C cos A + cos B) = c (cos C cos A + cos C)
解决方案:
According to the sine rule
Considering equation, we have
a (cos B cos C + cos A) = λ sin A (cos B cos C + cos A)
= λ (sin A cos B cos C + sin A cos A)
= λ ((2 sin A cos B) + sin A cos A)
= λ ((sin (A+B) + sin (A-B)) + sin A cos A)
= λ ((cos C sin (A+B) + cos C sin (A-B)) + sin A cos A)
= λ ((\frac{1}{2} (2 cos C sin (A+B) + 2 cos C sin (A-B))) + sin A cos A)
= λ ((2 cos C sin (A+B) + 2 cos C sin (A-B)) + sin A cos A)
By using trigonometric formula,
2 sin a cos b = sin (a+b) + sin (a-b)
= λ ((sin (A+B+C) + sin (A+B-C) + sin (A-B+C) + sin (A-B-C)) + sin A cos A)
= λ ((sin (π) + sin ((π-C)-C) + sin ((π-B)-B) + sin (A-(B+C)) +)
= λ ((0 + sin (π-2C) + sin (π-2B) + sin (2A-π) +)
= λ ((sin 2C + sin 2B – sin 2A +)
=(sin 2C + sin 2B + sin 2A)
Similarly,
b (cos C cos A + cos B) =(sin 2C + sin 2B + sin 2A)
c (cos C cos A + cos C) =(sin 2C + sin 2B + sin 2A)
Hence, proved!!
问题 24:在△ABC中,证明如下:
a (cos C – cos B) = 2 (bc)
解决方案:
According to the sine rule
Considering equation, we have
a (cos C – cos B) = λ sin A (cos C – cos B)
= λ (sin A cos C – sin A cos B)
=(2 sin A cos C – 2 sin A cos B)
By using trigonometric formula,
2 sin a cos b = sin (a+b) + sin (a-b)
=(sin (A+C) + sin (A-C) – (sin (A+B) + sin (A-B)))
=(sin (A+C) + sin (A-C) – sin (A+B) – sin (A-B))
=(sin (π-B) + sin (A-C) – sin (π-C) – sin (A-B))
=(sin B – sin C + sin (A-C) – sin (A-B))
By using trigonometric formula,
sin a – sin b = 2 sincos
= λ
= λ
= λ sin
By using trigonometric formula,
sin a + sin b = 2 sincos
= λ sin
= λ sin
= λ sin(2 sin A cos)
= 2 λ sin(2 sincos) cos
= 4 λ sinsin[Tex]cos^2(\frac{A}{2})[/Tex]
= 4 λ sincos[Tex]cos^2(\frac{A}{2})[/Tex]
= 4 λ sincos[Tex]cos^2(\frac{A}{2})[/Tex]
= 4 λ sincos[Tex]cos^2(\frac{A}{2})[/Tex]
= 2 λ (2 sincos)
By using trigonometric formula,
2 cossin= sin a – sin b
= 2 λ (sin B – sin A)
= 2 (λ sin B – λ sin A)
= 2 (b – a)
As LHS = RHS
Hence, proved!!
问题 25:在△ABC中,证明如下:
b cos θ = c cos(A-θ)+a cos(C+θ)
解决方案:
According to the sine rule
Considering RHS, equation, we have
c cos(A-θ)+a cos(C+θ) = λ sin C cos(A-θ) + λ sin A cos(C+θ)
= λ (sin C cos(A-θ) + sin A cos(C+θ))
=
By using trigonometric formula,
2 sin a cos b = sin (a+b) + sin (a-b)
By using trigonometric formula,
sin (a+b) + sin (a-b) = 2 sin a cos b
=
= λ sin B cos θ
= b cos θ
As LHS = RHS
Hence, proved!!
问题26:在△ABC中,如果sin 2 A + sin 2 B = sin 2 C。证明三角形是直角的。
解决方案:
According to the sine rule
Considering equation, we have
sin2 A + sin2 B = sin2 C
a2 + b2 = c2
Hence, proved, the triangle is right-angled as c as hypotenuse.
问题27:在△ABC中,如果a 2 、b 2 、c 2在AP中。证明婴儿床 A、婴儿床 B 和婴儿床 C 也在 AP 中。
解决方案:
We have a2, b2 and c2 in AP
2a2, 2b2 and 2c2 are also in AP
(a2+b2+c2)-2a2, (a2+b2+c2)-2b2 and (a2+b2+c2)-2c2 are also in AP
b2+c2-a2, a2+c2-b2 and a2+b2-c2 are also in AP
,andare also in AP
,andare also in AP
According to the cosine rule
,andare also in AP
,andare also in AP
According to the sine rule
,andare also in AP
cot A, cot B and cot C are also in AP
Hence, proved !!
问题28:被风吹断的树的上部与地面成30°角,树根到树顶接触地面的距离为15m。使用正弦规则,找到树的高度。
解决方案:
Suppose BD be the tree and the upper part of the tree is broken over by the wind at point A.
The total height of the tree is x+y.
In △ABC, ∠C = 30° and ∠B = 90°
∠A = 60° (Triangle angle sum property)
According to the sine rule
2x == y
Hence, x == 5√3
and y == 10√3
So, the height of tree x+y = 5√3+10√3
= 15√3 m
问题29:在山脚下,山顶海拔45°,向山上爬1000m,上坡30°,发现海拔60°。求山的高度。
解决方案:
Suppose, AB is a mountain of height t+x.
c = 1000m
In △DFC,
sin 30° =
x == 500 m
And, tan 30° =
y = 500√3 m
Now, In △ABC
tan 45° =
1 =
500√3+z = t+500
500(√3-1)+z = t …………………..(1)
Now, In △ADE
tan 60° =
√3 =
t = √3z ………………….(2)
From (1) and (2), we get
z = 500 m
t = 500√3 m
So, the height of the mountain = t+x = 500√3 + 500 = 500(√3+1)m
问题30:一个人从一个站点观察一座山峰的仰角为α。他沿着以 β 角倾斜的斜坡走了 c 米,发现山峰的仰角为 γ。证明山峰离地高度为
解决方案:
Suppose, AB is a peak whose height above the ground is t+x,
In △DFC,
sin β =
x = c sin β ………………………..(1)
And, tan β =
= c cos β ………………………..(2)
Now, In △ADE
tan γ =
z = t cot γ ………………………(3)
Now, In △ABC
tan α=
t +x = tan α (y+z)
From (1), (2) and (3), we get
t + c sin β = tan α (c cos β+t cot γ)
t + c sin β = c tan α cos β + t tan α cot γ
t – t tan α cot γ = c tan α cos β – c sin β
t(1 – tan α cot γ) = c (tan α cos β – sin β)
Now,
Hence proved !!
问题 31:如果△ABC 的 a、b、c 边在 HP 中,证明和在惠普
解决方案:
If the sides a, b and c of △ABC are in H.P
Then,,andare in AP
According to the sine rule
By using trigonometric formula,
sin a – sin b = 2 sincos
Divide by, we get
Hence,andare in H.P